Apple tree Medunitsa: description, photo, instructions for growing

The article presents the Medunitsa apple tree: description, photo, complete guide to growing, care.

Apple tree Medunitsa: variety description

Apple tree Medunitsa: description

It is extremely important to select the correct variety of apples for a summer resident. A large number of varieties are usually intimidating to gardeners. Because the landing site is limited.

Not the most popular variety of apples may not justify the wishes of the summer resident, but it will only be possible to understand this after several years, when the apple tree begins to bear fruit.

So it is recommended to plant already known varieties, the inherent characteristics of which have been tested over the years and by the opinion of summer residents. Next, we will focus on the characteristics, opinion, planting of this variety of apples.
Note! This honeycomb of apples is recognized by summer residents as one of the best summer sweet fruit trees of early ripening.

Apple tree Medunitsa: description, reviews of summer residents

Apple tree Medunitsa: description

Ivan Petrovich, city of Tomsk:
“It is better to enjoy the harvest of this variety immediately after removal from the apple tree. The taste has hints of honey and a certain spice. Very tasty fruits, to be convinced of this, you need to taste them. "

Pavel Andreevich, city of Stavropol:
“Yablona is about eight years old, but its age does not prevent it from bringing a large amount of crops every year. We tear off the fruits and eat right away, since there are a lot of fruits for you for compotes, and for jams, and for pies. Our family likes preserves and preserves more. "

Anastasia Egorova, Moscow:
“All my family members liked this kind of apples. This is surprising because dad and brother don't like sour fruits. This apple variety has no sourness at all! The density of the fruit is excellent, there is quite a lot of juice. "

Sergey Petrovich, the city of Volgograd:
“I love this variety of apples for its non-crumbling crop, it has time to fully ripen on an apple tree and is kept for a long time. One minus - honey notes disappear after a while.

This type of apple brings a large amount of harvest, perfect for those who prefer sweet apples. Believing the reviews of summer residents, you can safely run to the nursery for planting material.

Apple tree Medunitsa: description, photos, information on breeding works

Apple tree Medunitsa: description

The selection of this apple variety began its existence in the thirties of the last century. The famous scientist in the field of biology, S.I. Isaev, was engaged in breeding work.

As a result of the work of the Soviet biologist, the world saw more than forty varieties of apples with a high level of resistance to cold and frost, as well as with a high level of resistance to certain diseases. The cultivation of varieties with such qualities was considered the main work of SI Isaev. This apple variety was developed by combining cinnamon striped and wesley apples. We can say that the parent varieties of this variety are "cinnamon striped" and "wesley".

Surprisingly, this apple variety did not get its name due to the honey notes in the taste.The name was given in reference to one of the most famous herbaceous, which is shown first in the spring season.

The Soviet biologist called his wife a honeybee, and then appropriated this name to this variety of apples. Sometimes you can hear how this variety of apples is called "honey". The fruit tree in the second half of the fifties became the reason why S. I. Isaev received the Stalin Prize.

Note! This variety of apples is still not included in the state register. However, this does not mean that this apple variety is not popular among gardeners and summer residents.

Characteristics of this variety of apples

The characteristic and basic description of this variety of apples allows you to find out about it from special sides, as well as learn about the advantages and disadvantages.

Marketable condition

This apple variety has a strong growth rate. On seed stocks, a fruit tree can grow up to five hundred to seven hundred centimeters in height. The crown has a sparse skeleton, if not touched, and the shape is pyramidal.

The fruit tree is quite wide, the foliage is assessed as good. This variety has an inherent common ability to form shoots. Together, high growth and the possibility of shoots form the need for special pruning for the correct development of the apple tree and ripening of fruits at the same time.

Leaves

The main color of the foliage on the crown is light greenish. The branches are light brown. The foliage itself has a rounded shape, elongated, most often does not have a pronounced yellowish tint. The leaf plates are slightly curved.

Harvest

This apple variety is summer. The harvest of this variety is of ordinary size. One fruit does not often weigh more than one hundred and fifty grams. Apples with a round shape, regular. On a fruit tree, fruits with a conical shape are sometimes found.

Fruits in technical maturity are yellow and green at the same time, with rich rusty or reddish touches. When fully ripe, the crop is red in color or has a strong red tint on the main yellowish color. The strokes can be noticed without too much trouble.

Taste qualities of this apple variety are not bad, the taste is referred to as sweet. The fruits contain:
- sugar - fourteen percent.
- acids - lowered.

The tasters rated the apples in a state of full ripeness at four points and two to six tenths on a five-point scale.

The pulp is filled with a lot of juice, quite dense. The fruits have a rich aroma and good taste with honey notes.

The peculiarity of the taste lies in the fact that this fruit tree can grow in cold climates. Apple trees are characterized by increased acidity in taste, when cultivated in the middle zone of our country. This variety of summer apples is one of the best, because it has pure sweet taste that is unique to fruit trees cultivated in the central and northern regions.

Harvesting process

On seed stocks, this type of apple begins to bear fruit when it reaches the age of five or six. It is worth noting that a fruit tree can produce abundant harvests for fifty-five years. The harvesting process takes place every year, but only for twelve to fifteen years. Then you need to normalize the ovaries if you want to have fruits annually.

Basically, fruits are harvested in the middle zone of our country in the middle of the last summer month - the first autumn month. In natural realities, the harvest ripens at different times. This is due to the leafiness of the branches, which is rated as medium, as some fruits lack sunlight.

Note! The main advantage of this variety is that the crop almost does not fall off and can stay on the branches for a long time in a mature state.

Flowering process and pollinating varieties

This variety of apples is self-fertile, but experienced summer residents advise planting pollinating varieties nearby. Selecting pollinating varieties is worth the time of the flowering process. And at this time, the ripening dates of the fruits may differ.

The time of the flowering process of this variety of apples falls at the end of the spring season - the second week of the first summer month, it all depends on the climate of the cultivation environment.

The following pollinator varieties are some of the best:

- "cinnamon striped".
- "anise sverdlovsky".
- "victory".

You can also pay attention to varieties such as:

- "Chinese".
- "kerr".
- "gold".

Fruit content, their durability, disadvantages

The fruits are allowed to be harvested in a state of technical maturity and fully ripe. Technical maturity allows the fruit to be stored for up to ninety - one hundred and ten days, and full ripening allows apples to be kept for no more than thirty days.

It is worth remembering the distinctive features of the harvest of this variety, the taste may vary. A brighter smell and pronounced honey notes are most often not lost within fourteen days immediately after the fruit is removed.

The level of resistance to cold and frost

The level of resistance to cold and frost of this variety is high, this is one of the most important advantages of this variety. The fruit tree is not often exposed to cold weather in different seasons.

This variety of apples is perfectly grown in the territories of Siberia and the Urals, without losing its merits.

The level of resistance to various diseases

At the time the variety was bred, there was a noticeable increase in the incidence of certain infections. When obtaining this apple variety, the breeders had the main goal of creating a fruit tree that would have a high level of resistance to various diseases. And they achieved their task.
Because of this, it is customary to think that this variety of apples is not subject to certain diseases at all. The same information is available on all gardening sites.

But, it is worth saying that this is not entirely true. After some time, many new diseases were formed, to which, unfortunately, this apple variety does not have immunity. It is recommended to carry out preventive procedures to avoid diseases.

The disadvantages of this variety include:

- pruning is required in order to limit growth rates and set the correct harvesting process.
- mature trees require fruit rationing every year.
- short period of fruit keeping.
- the harvest ripens at different times.
- loss of taste when keeping fruits.

Note! Almost all the shortcomings of this variety of apples can be corrected with correct agricultural technology for a fruit tree.

Consumer qualities and appearance can be noticeably changed when selecting planting material on clonal rootstocks.

Variety of rootstocks and possible varieties

When purchasing a herbaceous stock only, it is worth spending more time. The stock depends on:

- the growth of the fruit tree, presentation and dimensions.
- the time of the onset of the process of bringing the harvest and the time of ripening.
- scheme for planting fruit trees.
- long time of the harvesting process and the life span of the apple tree.

Seed

This type of apple on seed stock can produce a harvest every year for fifty to sixty years. The life span of a fruit tree sometimes reaches eighty - ninety days. But it is worth remembering the correct agricultural technique and regular regulatory pruning.

The main description of this variety on seed stocks:

- the dimensions of the tree at the age are five hundred - seven hundred centimeters in height.
- the time of the onset of the process of bringing the harvest upon reaching the age of five or six.
- the minimum distance when disembarking is four hundred and fifty centimeters.

Large crowns of tall fruit trees should not contact each other; it is recommended to leave a space of five hundred to six hundred centimeters between the apple trees.

Semi-dwarf

Summer residents with experience are advised to purchase apple trees of large dimensions on a semi-dwarf rootstock. This variety of apples on semi-dwarf rootstocks is suitable for permanent agricultural technology and fruit harvesting. When compared with natural growth, the size of the planting material will be much smaller, and the process of bringing the crop will come faster.

The main description of this variety of apples on semi-dwarf rootstocks:
- the dimensions of the tree aged - four hundred - four hundred and fifty centimeters in height.
- the time of the onset of the process of bringing the harvest upon reaching three to four years of age.
- the minimum distance when disembarking is three hundred centimeters.

The recommended planting scheme for this variety of apples is four hundred centimeters by three hundred centimeters.

Note! A distinctive characteristic of this apple variety on a semi-dwarf rootstock is that the apple tree can grow near groundwater. This is due to the fact that the species itself is rather patient with short waterlogging. Rootstocks enhance this feature.

Dwarf and columnar

The popularity of miniature rootstocks has come relatively recently. Small fruit trees are compact and can be used as a decorative element. Not paying attention to the fact that in natural conditions the crown is pyramidal, a small fruit tree can have both a spherical and a triangular shape. With the gradual shaping of the crown, there will be no damage and will not affect the harvesting process in any way.

The main description of this variety of apples on dwarf rootstocks:
- dimensions of a tree at the age of one hundred and fifty - two hundred centimeters in height.
- the time of the onset of the process of bringing the harvest when reaching two or three years of age.
- the minimum distance when disembarking is one hundred centimeters.

Recommended! When planting fruit trees on a dwarf rootstock in an intensive-type dacha, there is a more compact planting.

A distinctive feature of the dwarf rootstock is the early harvesting process. The first apples ripen in the same year in which the apple tree was planted at the age of two years. For the proper development of the apple tree, it is recommended not to allow the fruit tree to harvest at a fairly young age and to remove the ovaries.

This variety of apples on dwarf rootstocks needs a special approach, this is necessary for the normal process of harvesting and proper development. Apple trees need a garter because the root system on the dwarf rootstock is rather small and does not penetrate far into the depths. Strong winds can pull the fruit tree out of the ground.

Even small apple trees imply an intensive type of harvest, which means they do not last long. Most often, this time does not last more than twelve years.

If we talk about columnar forms, then there are more suitable varieties than this one.
Characterization of varieties such as "Yessenia", "Currency" and "Moscow necklace" includes information about natural forms that initially resemble columns. The summer resident needs to monitor it and not start it.
Grafting of this variety of apples on a columnar rootstock is allowed, but as a result you will get a small apple tree, the crown of which will be pyramidal.Because of this, it is not so common in nurseries.

Winter season option

The summer variety is so fond of summer residents and gardeners that this variety has such an option. However, the most famous is the winter variety. The harvest ripens much later, by the end of the first autumn month, however, it is kept until the spring season.

Note! Despite the identical names, the winter variety has a higher acidity and less sweet taste than the summer variety.

Disembarkation

Planting and agricultural technology for this variety of apples practically does not differ from the planting of other varieties of apples. The rules for planting a young apple tree include timing and a good site.

Time

Depending on the region in which the apple tree will be cultivated, the beginning of the spring season or the end of the autumn season are selected for this type of procedure. For example, in the middle lane of our country, it is advised to carry out such work in the autumn season.

In the Urals or Siberia, the landing time is different, it is advised to do this in the spring season. This will help to avoid the damage caused by unexpected frosts, frosts are possible in the middle lane during the spring season, in the northern regions, early autumn frosts are possible.

If there is not enough snow in the area during the winter season, it is worth planting apple trees in the spring.
Distinctive features of planting a fruit tree of this variety at the beginning of the spring season consist in performing procedures exclusively at temperatures above zero.

By the appointed time, the soil should warm up and not have snow, and also dig deep into the depth of fifty to sixty centimeters without problems.

Immediately before planting a fruit tree of this variety correctly in the autumn season, do not forget:
- before the arrival of frost must be at least twenty days.
- it is forbidden to plant this variety too early, as prolonged heat will cause abundant growth rates of branches that will not withstand the first frosts in the autumn season.

Procedure

Preparation of the landing site and the process itself includes a couple of points. The first point involves preparing six months before the appointed day of disembarkation. When planting a fruit tree in the spring season, then the site is prepared from the autumn season. When planting a fruit tree in the autumn season, then it is recommended to prepare a hole for planting in the spring season or to do it in the summer.

Instructions:

- having selected the landing site, it is worth making a landing hole, the dimensions of which will be slightly larger than an earthen lump of planting material, for a two-year-old seedling, approximately fifty centimeters by fifty centimeters by fifty centimeters.
- the excavated soil should be divided into rich soil and others.
- mix the rich soil with top dressing, fill the planting hole to the middle with the resulting mixture.
- place a peg in the center of the planting hole, to which the planting material will then be tied.
- a young apple tree should be placed in the middle, straightening its root system and filling the remaining half of the planting hole with soil mixture.
- the planting material should be carefully moistened, and the soil should be tamped.

Do not over-compact the soil near the trunk circle, as damage to the root system is possible. It is recommended to thoroughly shed the planting, using more soil and shedding again.

Apple tree Medunitsa: description of agricultural technology

Distinctive features of agricultural technology for this fruit crop include pruning, fertilization and shelter.
The first twelve months after planting, the apple tree does not need special agricultural technology. All work is recommended to be postponed to a future period. Please note that moisture should not be pushed back.
The first thirty days watering is carried out in a timely manner, when the first layer of soil dries up, the main thing is that a dry crust does not form. Then you can moisten the apple tree once every seven days.

And in the second year of life, pruning is possible.

Shaping the crown of this apple variety occurs when it reaches the age of two. Usually a fruit tree is formed with sparse tiers with a space of thirty to forty centimeters between tiers. This method will maintain the natural shape of the pyramid.

You can give the crown the shape of a bowl; it is necessary to cut the central branch on the apple tree, replacing it with four to five lateral shoots.

This variety of apples has strong growth rates and large dimensions, but the ability to form shoots is rather weak. From the above it follows that it is worth using special rules for pruning a young apple tree:

- every spring and autumn this variety needs sanitary pruning, during which all broken and infected branches are removed.
- the variety requires pruning in the spring season each year, during which the crown is thinned out and new branches are stimulated.
- in the summer season, it is advised to pinch young growths and remove branches that are eating up to get sunlight into the center of the crown.

Recommendation! If there is a desire to collect fruits from an apple tree at the age of every year, then it is necessary to normalize the number of ovaries every spring.

Fertilizers should be produced in the spring and autumn seasons. Spring procedures should stimulate the acquisition of green mass, growth and laying of fruits. The apple tree needs nitrogen.

The main direction of fertilizers in the autumn season is the ripening of the bark, preparation for the winter season. At this time, the fruit tree is recommended to be maintained with the help of phosphorus and potassium dressings. But strictly follow the dosage using top dressing.

Agricultural technology at the end of the period is also considered the main thing. It is worth removing weeds from the soil near the trunk, slightly digging up the soil and covering the trunk from frost.

In young apple trees, the trunk should not be whitened, it is better to wrap it with spruce branches. Aged trees must be whitened twice a year, namely in the spring and autumn seasons.

This variety requires preventive work against various diseases and parasites. To do this, at the beginning of the spring season, apple trees are sprinkled with products that contain copper.

Faithful agricultural technology will allow the fruit tree to grow well and yield crops for several decades. This variety of apple trees has been tested over the years and by experienced summer residents. If this variety does not yet grow in your garden, then you should immediately purchase it.

Most Popular Newbie Questions

Summer residents who do not have experience in gardening have many questions regarding the process of harvesting. Below are the most frequently asked questions.

What is the cost of planting material?

The cost of planting material depends on the rootstock, the age of the fruit tree, the health of the root system, the area and the nursery brand. For example, in the city of Vladimir it is possible to purchase seedlings in the price range from four hundred to seven hundred rubles for one copy in a three to ten-liter container, in sixty-five to one hundred ten-liter containers for twenty five thousand rubles.

The most expensive fruit tree will be planting material on columnar or dwarf rootstocks at the age of three years, cultivated in containers. The fruit tree is already bearing fruit, and the summer resident immediately understands what exactly he needs. It is possible to plant grassy plants on the site without damaging the root system.

It is much cheaper to buy planting material on seed stocks with an open root system. With this option, it is necessary to wait for five to six years of age to receive the first fruits and confirm the varietal correspondences.The dimensions of the apple tree over the decades of development will be able to increase to seven hundred to eight hundred centimeters.

At what age does the harvest begin?

The beginning of the harvesting process for this variety can be understood from the rootstocks. The smaller the rootstock, the shorter the waiting time for the fruit. Usually the harvesting process begins at the age of five.

Why is it not harvesting?

If the apple tree does not bear fruit and the flowering process is absent, most likely the tree is still too young for these processes, or the buds were damaged due to frost.

In the absence of fruit ovaries, but there is a flowering process, there may be a problem with insufficient pollination or parasites that have destroyed the flowers.

Agrotechnics in the flowering process

During the flowering process of this variety, favorable conditions for pollination should be recreated to increase the number of fruits of young apple trees. To do this, special materials are attached to the apple trees that attract bees.

What is the time to harvest the fruits?

This type of apple exists in summer and winter types. In the central region, the harvest of this summer-type variety takes place at the end of the summer season.

In some warm areas, the time may change at the beginning of the season, and in colder areas it is shifted to the very end of the summer season. This winter-type variety is harvested at the end of the first - beginning of the second autumn month.

When harvesting in technical maturity, then it is possible to start work a little earlier.

Apple tree Medunitsa: description