Foliar dressing of grapes

Care and gentle care is necessary for the grapes for good development and a good harvest. Therefore, you should take care of the plant. And also monitor his health. Foliar feeding of grapes contributes to good development. Many novice gardeners, due to lack of experience, often ask how you can fertilize grapes.

Top dressing is divided into two types: root and leaf fertilizers. The first type of fertilizer should be applied exclusively to the root of the grapes. The second type of fertilizer must be sprayed on the entire grape: its leaves, shoots. Using this type of feeding, you can add gentle substances to it. They will fight fungal diseases.

Foliar dressing of grapes is applied only in summer. Because it is during this period that the grapes are actively developing. Feeding is very simple. You will need very little time. But after it, the grapes will thank you with a bountiful harvest.

Foliar dressing of grapes: when to apply?

The introduction of foliar dressings cannot replace the introduction of basic, that is, root dressings. If they are carried out correctly, subject to the timing of the introduction, the yield will be of high quality and large. Experts especially recommend feeding, using spraying, in regions in which the winter is very cold.

This feeding will provide some protection for the grapes during the winter. Because at low temperatures, the grapes will lack micronutrients. Experienced gardeners always apply top dressing after every major change in nature. For example, a strong cold snap in summer. They understand that at this moment the plant is having a hard time. And he needs care.

What is foliar feeding?

Such feeding is usually spraying with a special infusion. Produced over the entire surface of the grapes. This liquid is composed of a large number of elements that are essential for grapes.

The leaves of the culture have an excellent absorption function. Therefore, all trace elements are absorbed into the plant and assimilated by it. Foliar dressing is usually done about 6-9 times throughout the season. In this case, it is necessary to introduce only those substances that he needs.

The very first application of foliar fertilization is carried out before the flowering of the plant. 7-10 days before the process itself. Before flowering, the main fertilizer is also applied under the root. This is necessary due to the fact that the grapes spend every effort on the correct development of flowers. The plant must be given phosphorus. The applied fertilizer is completely absorbed only after 6-7 days. This amount of phosphorus and other trace elements will be consumed for about 15-30 days. After that, the plant will need a new fertilizer run.

The second application is carried out after the end of flowering, after 14-18 days. The third application is carried out before the grapes begin to ripen. Fourth - after the harvest. The fourth feeding is very important. If it is not there, the vine will not ripen. The rest of the dressings are optional. And they are held two days before the disclosure of flowers. 4 days after the flowers have faded. And also 48-72 hours before collecting all the fruits.

Some nuances you need to know about foliar feeding

Top dressing, which was carried out once, will not saturate the grapes with all the elements it needs. Therefore, for this, 6-9 dressings are carried out per season.The rest period of the plant from fertilization should be about 12-16 days. It is necessary so that the plant has time to absorb the already introduced substances.

Foliar dressing should only take place in weather without sun and rain. Since watering is carried out quite rarely, the grapes must be sprayed daily with a small amount of water. So that the substances that were introduced with top dressing are absorbed along with it. Otherwise, all microelements will remain on the surface of the grapes without being absorbed.

Foliar top dressing: rules of conduct

When spraying, a number of rules must be observed:

1. The proportions must be correct. To prepare the solution, you must carefully read the instructions for the drug. If you mix too strong a solution, the grapes will get burned. And he will begin to spend all his energy on restoration, and not on the formation of the crop. And also other troubles may arise.
2. Dry and cloudy weather during feeding is the key to success. Because it is in such weather that the solution does not evaporate. And also does not wash off the longest.
3. To slowly evaporate the fertilizer, something sweet is added to the solution. For example, sugar or honey. They allow the solution to stick to the leaves. The addition of sugar to the solution must also be in the correct proportions. For 20 liters of solution, you need to take 40 grams of sugar.
4. Substances that fight fungi can be added to the fertilizer solution. These can be fungicides in small quantities.
5. Spraying should only be done with the correct spray bottle. He must turn the liquid into mist. If you use a poor quality spray bottle that dispenses the solution in too large droplets, the plant may suffer from burns.

Preparing the mortar in the correct proportions

A properly prepared solution is the most important thing in the spraying itself. The necessary substances must be added to 5 liters of water in accordance with the recipe. They must be in the right proportion.

• potassium chloride (25 grams)
• manganese sulfate (8 grams)
• boric acid (5 grams)
• superphosphate (75 grams)
• ammonium nitrate (25 grams)
• zinc (5 grams)
• sodium (0.25 grams)
• cobalt sulfate (0.25 grams)

Note: The solution cannot contain boric acid and zinc at the same time. Because they interfere with each other. Top dressing is prepared from the substances that the plant needs at a particular moment. Follow the recipes!

Addition: Since superphosphate is very poorly soluble in water, it must be used in a specific way. First you need to add 30 grams of the substance to 6 liters of warm water. The solution is left for 24-30 hours. After it must be drained. And add 4-4.5 liters of water. And only after all the manipulations have been carried out, you need to start adding other elements.

Using the ash solution

Nowadays, mineral feeding is quite expensive. And not every gardener can buy it. Then the use of wood ash comes to the rescue. Because it contains many different nutrients, useful microelements. It also contains potassium and phosphorus. But it does not contain nitrogen and chlorine, which are necessary for grapes.

It will take time to prepare the ash solution. Because phosphorus is poorly soluble in water. And you will have to prepare an extractor hood from it. To prepare the hood, they take 2.5 kilograms of wood ash and 7 liters of water. Stirred and leave for 72 hours, stirring 2-3 times a day. The resulting liquid must be filtered. And also add 12 liters of water.

This solution requires dilution as it is very concentrated. For 1 liter of solution, add 4 liters of clean water and 20 grams of soap.
Note: This mixture should not be used with nitrogen as a chemical reaction will occur.

Foliar dressing of grapes: recipes

There are many recipes for making foliar dressings, but the following recipes are the most popular because of their effectiveness:

To prepare the solution, we need 200 grams of superphosphate, which should be poured with 3000 milliliters of warm water and left to infuse for 24-30 hours. After that, you need to take ammonium nitrate in the amount of 27 grams, it is sometimes replaced with ammonium sulfate (45 grams), add potassium sulfate to the saltpeter in the amount of 90 grams, copper sulfate in the amount of 90 grams, boric acid about 9-12 grams and stir all these components in 2000 milliliters of water. Phosphate, which has already been infused for about a day, must be mixed with the second solution.

You also need to prepare a third solution, consisting of 4.5 liters of water, 80 grams of lime, the amount of lime should be such that there is no reaction at all to the nail. That is, you need to dip the nail, if rust appears on it, then the solution is acidic and there is not enough lime. Then the solution is added to the basic solution and stirred. If you want to rid the grapes of viruses, you need to add a little Bordeaux liquid to the fertilizing solution. After processing with such a solution, the grapes will be saturated with useful trace elements and protected from viruses and some diseases. This solution must also be applied to the trunk of the grapes. It is usually used at the very first feeding.

For the second spraying, the solution from the first recipe is suitable, but only the slaked lime is replaced with copper sulfate and boric acid. In order for the solution to be not acidic, a solution of water and soda must be added to it.

The third feeding is carried out before the ripening of the berries and the solution of the second recipe is suitable for it only without components that contain nitrogen. Excess nitrogen will not work very well on the grapes during this period.

Before harvesting, top dressing is carried out using ash. To prepare a complete solution, you will need to make 3 solutions. The first one consists of 3000 milliliters of water and 180 grams of phosphate, this solution is infused for 24-30 hours, after which it is drained. The second consists of 3000 milliliters of water and 500 grams of ash, infused for 24-30 hours and drained. Both solutions are mixed and a solution of soda and 4000 milliliters of water is added to them.