Cherry Shubinka

Cherry Shubinka is suitable for both home and industrial use. This very ancient tree variety is very much loved by gardeners.

All two hundred known varieties of cherries share the appearance and taste. In addition, cherry varieties are tree-like and bushy. Bush cherries have a small size and the ability to tolerate low temperatures against the background of a relatively short lifespan (15 to 17 years). In tree varieties of cherries, along with frost resistance, the life expectancy is over thirty years.

On the selection and breeding of Shubinka cherries

Cherry Shubinka: variety description

The territory of cultivation of the ancient folk cherry of the Shubinka variety is simply huge (it is in second place after "Vladimirskaya"). Moscow province is called the birthplace of "Shubinka". It was here that it appeared in the 19th century and quickly began to spread to other cities and villages. Later, in the middle of the 20th century, it was zoned to the North-West, to the Center of the country, as well as to the Volga region. Further, Shubinskaya conquered more and more territories of the USSR - Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, the Baltic states. True, in connection with the breeding of more resistant varieties of cherries, they began to grow less and less on an industrial scale, and little in young orchards.

Cherry Shubinka: variety description

The height of the Shubinka cherry tree can reach 4 meters. The crowns are spreading, pyramidal, not dense, consisting of thin, light green shoots. The main branches are thick, dark brown.

The dark green, small, oval leaves with sharp tops on the edges have small teeth.

Each inflorescence contains several whitish flowers with loosely pressed petals.

Small round cherries weigh just 2.5 grams. The cherry shape is slightly flattened, dark red or burgundy in color. The berry has a friable, juicy and aromatic pulp of an astringent, sour and unpleasant taste. This variety is characterized by almost no sugar in the fruit, therefore, Shubinka is rarely consumed in its raw form. But in a revised form - as much as you like!

A small rounded bone is easy enough to separate from the pulp. Cherries are perfectly attached and are held on thin stalks; during overripening, they hold firmly and do not fall from the tree.

Cherry Shubinka: characteristic of the variety

Cherry Shubinka: variety description

Cherry Shubinka - medium, incl. medium late grade. Fruits are harvested from the beginning of the month of August to the end of the month of September. Cherries will be of much better quality if they are harvested as late as possible.

The first harvest of Shubinka cherries gives in the fourth or fifth year. One tree gives about 18-25 kilograms of juicy berries.

The self-infertility of the variety can be compensated for with the help of pollinating trees of the varieties "Lyubskoy"," Consumer goods black "," Vladimirskaya "," Griota of Moscow "," Saiki ".

To get a higher yield, it is better to plant at least 3 pollinating trees in the cherry orchard together with Shubinka.

The winter hardiness indicators of the Shubinka cherry variety are quite high. This cherry is not afraid of either severe winter frosts or spring return frosts. The extreme, already dangerous temperature for her is minus 35, freezing of the buds and young shoots is already possible here.

Shelter for the winter period is used to protect young trees. With the right choice of a planting site, timely feeding and crop treatments, the plant's frost resistance indicators increase.

Cherry Shubinka: planting and caring for the variety

Cherry Shubinka: variety description

The place for planting the Shubinka cherry variety should be light and warm, the soil is light or loamy (house wall or fence). The distance from the wall or fence must be at least 7 meters. In general, Shubinka cherry is not a very demanding variety, however, a damp and cold place is not for her.

It is desirable that the groundwater does not rise above 2.5 meters, otherwise you cannot do without a high earthen artificial hill for planting trees on it.

Soil preparation begins in the autumn, and the planting itself - in the spring when the soil is warmed up (to prevent the buds from swelling).

When preparing the soil, the following are produced:

• Digging;
• Weed removal;
• Adding fertilizers (up to 1.5 buckets of manure or compost, superphosphate 0.5 cups, potassium sulfate 50g / 1m2).

With acidic soil, liming is performed a couple of months before fertilization. In order to remove excess acidity, use lime fluff (0.4 kg / 1 m2).

Once the soil is prepared, dig one or more planting holes. Sometimes they start to be dug in the fall. The optimal size of the holes is 0.5-0.6 m (depth) and 1 meter in diameter. Pits will be needed not only for Shubinskaya cherry, but also for pollinating trees. They should be placed no closer than three meters from each other.

An important part of planting is preparing the drainage, which can be large pieces of branches and bark. A peg is driven into the pits, the height of each is up to half a meter.

Then the prepared soil is poured.

The soil recipe for one pit is as follows.

Option 1:

• rotted manure (up to 5 buckets);
• wood ash (1 bucket);
• fresh horse manure (1/2 bucket);
• top layer of the earth.

Option 2:

• rotten manure (2 buckets);
• sulfuric potassium (85 g);
• superphosphate (0.5 kg);
• top layer of the earth.

As a rule, they plant strong two-year-old seedlings with a trunk 0.5-0.6 m long, up to 3 cm in diameter, and the main branches should be at least 0.4 m.The seedling is placed in a pit, covered with earth, tamped a little and fix the plant with a peg.

Holes are made around the circumference of the root zone and up to 4 buckets of warm water are added to the ground.

Next, mulching is carried out using dry humus. It should be remembered that the root collar of the plant should not be buried (5-6 cm above the soil surface)! When the soil settles, it is lightly sprinkled with soil.

The first season of "Shubinka" cultivation does without fertilizers, during this period regular weeding, moistening and loosening are necessary. Watering is carried out as needed (in case of drought and sultry weather - up to 4 times every 30 days). For one seedling, you will need up to 5 buckets of water. For winter protection, barrel insulation is required.

Top dressing is applied in the 2nd year in the spring. Urea, an aqueous solution of chicken manure or slurry are suitable for feeding Shubinka cherries.

The autumn period is the time for the introduction of potassium-phosphorus fertilizers - superphosphate and potassium sulfate. As soon as the plant begins to bear fruit, there should be more fertilizing:

• - 1st spring, before flowering (sulfuric potassium and urea);
• - 2nd year old, when the berries begin to ripen (nitrophoska);
• - 3rd year, at the end of the harvest (phosphorus and potash).

They dig up cherry trees in the fall, it is possible with the introduction of organic fertilizers. With a frequency of once every four to five years, the earth needs to be limed.

The first pruning is carried out at planting, leaving strong branches on each seedling in the amount of 6-8 pieces and slightly shortening the trunks.

Formative pruning should be carried out every year in the spring, for the first 4-5 years, until the crown is finally formed (main branches - 7-8 branches). Also, one-year shoots are shortened to 0.4-0.5 m.

An important stage of care is the timely removal of small roots, diseased dry and thickening shoots. Such procedures are carried out annually in the spring.

About diseases and pests

Cherry Shubinka: variety description

In general, the Shubinka cherry is unpretentious and winter-hardy, however, it is often attacked by coccomycosis and rarely by a shoot moth.

With coccomycosis, a fungal disease affects the cherry leaves. It is important not to start the disease so that the fruits do not suffer. The disease manifests itself in the appearance of small reddish dots on the upper part of the leaves. If you do not fight the disease, then the lower surface of the leaves will be completely covered with fungal spores, and everything ends with drying and falling of the leaves. Trees grow poorly, lose frost resistance and die. Prevention of coccomycosis - in thorough cleaning of fallen leaves (it is in it that fungal spores winter) and loosening of the root zone. Harvesting involves shoveling and burning the leaves. An excellent preventive measure is the spring spraying of the plant with a urea solution or Bordeaux liquid. When the tree has faded, it is good to treat it with copper oxychloride.

Danger shoot moth the fact that it affects the buds, young leaves, buds and ovaries. Butterflies emerge from caterpillars sitting in the ground or on a tree in summer. You can get rid of moths with the help of insecticides, digging and loosening the soil.

Outcome

Cherry Shubinka: variety description

Cherry Shubinka was replaced by other more modern varieties with higher taste and industrial qualities, resistant to many diseases. Now the Shubinka cherry variety continues to be grown exclusively in their own gardens. She continues to conquer gardeners with good winter hardiness, partial self-fertility and good yield. The sour taste and the predisposition to infection with coccomycosis upset her. Despite its shortcomings, the Shubinka cherry variety is often grown, they like to make jams, preserves and compotes from it and delight their loved ones.