Pepper feed - types and nuances of application
Content:
In Russia, despite our climate, it is certainly difficult to grow pepper so that it gives a large harvest, but if the rules are followed, it is possible. Moreover, almost every gardener plants pepper, but which of these you get a harvest depends only on yourself. What top dressing for pepper is better - this question very often arises among many gardeners. Moreover, the question of how often and in what quantities this capricious plant needs it sounds no less often.
Popular varieties of pepper and the main types of feeding for them
Sweet red pepper Is a versatile vegetable that is very often used in cooking. It is necessary that the fruit of this variety be sweet, large, fleshy, therefore, feeding for this type of pepper is most often mullein. Cow dung is insisted for several days on a large amount of water and the seedlings are watered with this infusion.
Bell pepper - this type of pepper is also very popular. It is also very actively used in cooking, so that it retains all its external and internal qualities, eggshells, wood ash and yeast are often used to feed it. Moreover, ash and shells can be used both in pure form and in the form of an infusion. And yeast always insists.
Exotic chili - this variety of hot pepper is also popular and needs individual fertilizers. This hot pepper water is very fond of feeding from wood ash and regular watering with warm water.
Indoor pepper light - This type of hot pepper is also popular, it can bear fruit all year round. On one such bush, a huge number of small, red peppers weighs, outwardly it looks very beautiful. But he is very picky about growing. In addition to regular watering, it also requires certain lighting and feeding. Mineral mixtures such as "Nitrofoska" and "Solution" are used for it.
Conditions for growing pepper
Although pepper is very quivering, and a heat-loving plant, it still grows well in open areas. The beds with peppers should always be clean, no weeds should be categorically. The pepper should grow in an elevated, sunny area and receive adequate nutrition and moisture. Both sweet and bitter peppers love warmth and active sun.
The frequency of top dressing is always individual. It depends directly on the composition of the land on your site. The poorer the soil composition, the more often you will need to feed the pepper. In exceptional cases, if the land is generally empty, fertilizing can be carried out at least every week. But experienced gardeners recommend reducing feeding to several times per season.
Both peppers and tomatoes are fed with the same fertilizers. Correspondingly, the land in its composition should be the same. If pepper is planted next to tomatoes, then such a neighborhood will be to their taste.
But if some pests have appeared on the tomatoes, then these need to be urgently dealt with, because they will soon move to pepper.
Peppers will also do well if they grow next to garlic and onions.
Fertilizers and mineral mixtures must be strictly applied one by one, each in its own time. Since pepper is very thermophilic, it is best to create conditions for growing it as close as possible to their relatives. Therefore, it is more efficient to grow peppers in a greenhouse.
Pepper itself is a very unpredictable plant, it can grow and develop beautifully, and dry out literally in an instant. But this is precisely due to the fact that they do not have enough fertilizers. But in order in this case to apply the correct fertilizer to the ground, you need to know what each element is for: nitrogen is needed for the foliage to be larger, the bush is more luxuriant, and the trunk of the plant is thicker. Phosphorus - needed for easier and faster rooting, and a more powerful root system. But potassium is needed much later, for the growth of fruits.
Sowing preparation and feeding of pepper seedlings
In many regions of our country, they begin to plant seedlings already at the end of February, or at the beginning of March. It is with such a planting time that the pepper has time to give its tasty fruits in a fairly short summer. But this is subject to regular correct watering, careful loosening and timely removal of weeds. And yet, pepper feeding has practically the most important role. If you do all this, then the pepper will be able to exist quite normally for the season.
In order for your harvest to be good, you need to sow seeds at the end of February. For this, the earth must be prepared in advance. Fertilized soil should be poured into containers and watered well. And after a few days it will be possible to sow seeds. The composition of the soil in the containers should not differ from the one in which you will grow pepper in the future. So you need to collect land in the fall from the very place in which you will plant seedlings in the spring. It is this land that needs to be mixed with peat and humus for fertilization in a 2: 1: 1 ratio.
It is also always necessary to remember that before sowing the seeds, the earth must be shed with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, or ignited in the oven. Such activities are necessary as disinfection. A properly fertilized pepper will always be healthy by default. Only if the land is well fertilized will the seedlings grow well and develop properly. And if your seedlings are strong, then transplanting first into separate glasses, and then into open ground, it will transfer well, and what is very important, it will quickly take root.
As soon as the seedlings have the first true leaves, you need to make another top dressing. Then they pick the plants, and they do it exactly when the plant has 2 real leaves. It is better to do this in separate cups. And after two weeks, pepper dressing is added again. And 10 days after that, the seedlings can be planted in open ground.
Site preparation
The site for its landing must be chosen very carefully. Bell peppers, like the rest of its varieties, are very fond of warmth. And grows remarkably in light soils. The site is prepared since autumn, all the remnants of previous plants and weeds are removed from the ground. And also the soil must be well dug to the depth of the bayonet shovel. If you plan to fertilize peppers with organic substances, then you need to add them in the same way in the fall, because they have a lot of nitrogen, and if you add them fresh in the spring, the pepper will react sharply to its amount. You can dilute mullein with water in a 1: 5 ratio, but you can just as well use more affordable chicken manure instead of mullein.
While preparing and digging the area for the pepper, add a little peat and sand there, and mix it well with the earth.
Instead of putting manure and humus into the ground, compost is very often applied.
But if you plant bell peppers in a greenhouse, then it is better to add chicken droppings to the ground in the fall, and during the cultivation of peppers, you also need to fertilize with droppings in a ratio with water in a ratio of 1:20.
Peppers are planted in open ground only at the end of May, when the ground warms up. But it can be transplanted into a greenhouse at the end of April.
For its planting, grooves are made, which are sprinkled with superphosphate for fertilization. This fertilizer will help protect pepper seedlings from various diseases.During watering of seedlings, the phosphorus introduced by superphosphate will dissolve and turn into an excellent top dressing for pepper. Due to this, in the future, such a pepper will grow with a well-developed root system, which, accordingly, will have a good effect on the taste of future fruits.
From the experience of many gardeners, you can easily see that it is more realistic to get a large harvest of bell peppers in a greenhouse than in an open field. Pepper fruits grown in a greenhouse are larger, beautiful and juicy than those grown outside. Moreover, everything is known that before planting pepper in a greenhouse, the ground must be disinfected with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, but in the open field it is simply unrealistic to do this.
Top dressing of pepper after planting
In the first few weeks after planting peppers in open ground, complex mixtures will be the best fertilizers for peppers. And in their composition there is always a large amount of nitrogen, which at this time is especially necessary for the intensive growth of the seedling. It so happens that there is no way to buy this mixture, then the fertilizer can be easily made by yourself. It will be very easy:
To do this, take 1.5 grams of a potassium mixture, 0.5 grams of urea and 4 grams of superphosphate and dissolve all this in one liter of warm water. Thanks to this solution, the plants will receive the necessary strength and begin to grow actively. Seedlings are fed at this time only through watering.
Next top dressing carried out with urea, which must be diluted. 1 tbsp urea is diluted in 10 liters of warm water. In the future, it is just before planting that substances are selected for feeding, in which nitrogen and phosphorus are predominantly located. You can also add a little wood ash or a preparation that contains potassium. The dosage is important for each fertilizer. And for the proper development and growth of seedlings, the regularity of feeding is very important.
When the pepper starts to bloom for its fertilization, a mixture of herbs is used. For an infusion of 100 liters of water, it takes 5 kg of chopped nettle, woodlice, dandelion, plantain and coltsfoot. 10 spoons of wood ash. Also add 5 liters of mullein and 250 g of nitrophoska there. All this solution must be infused for a week, and then fertilized with it the entire area where the pepper will grow later.
After that two weeks later another top dressing is added to the ground. Half a bucket of bird droppings, 10 liters of mullein are infused for a week and also poured into the ground. 1 square meter requires at least 6 liters of fertilizer.
In order for the crop of pepper to be large, fertilizer must always be chosen very carefully. Regular feeding is the key to success in growing this vegetable. And they should be held throughout the season.
Unscheduled feeding
Quality seedlings it is always difficult to grow, because often she simply does not have enough strength for full development. In order to fix this, you need to apply a simple top dressing for pepper in the open field. In this case, it is often enough to spray the seedlings with carbamide from a spray bottle. They make it very light, 50 grams of urea is diluted in a bucket of warm water. The procedure is repeated every evening for a week. In order for this top dressing to be more effective, again, you need to choose the right variety that you will grow.
If the pepper leaves begin to curl towards the center - this means that the pepper lacks potassium. And if, in addition, the leaves from below are purple, then you also need to add fertilizers that contain phosphorus. But when the leaves on the lower side are gray, then nitrogen must be added to the ground.
With a gray shade of leaves means that there is little nitrogen in the earth.
With the active growth of greenery on the bush, but its refusal to bloom nitrogen must be excluded from the fertilizer. And you need to fertilize the seedlings with superphosphate diluted in water according to the instructions. This solution should be used as an extra dressing after watering.
Top dressing of pepper with folk remedies
Organic fertilizers will be an excellent top dressing for pepper.and it can be absolutely any substance. After all, organic matter is a natural fertilizer, in which there is not a single gram of chemistry, as well as any additives.
Mullein
Mullein is very suitable for peppers - it is excellent for preventing plants from diseases, and it greatly raises its immunity.
Bird droppings
There are a lot of vitamins and nutrients in poultry droppings, but it should only be used diluted with water.
Wood ash
This is just a unique fertilizer, which contains many minerals necessary for plants and a huge amount of potassium.
For half a bucket of compost - 200 grams of ash, 1 tbsp. spoon of superphosphate and 1 teaspoon of potassium sulfate.
Wood ash infusion - 1 tbsp. a spoonful of ash is added to 2 liters of hot water and insisted for a day. After the solution is infused, it must be boiled and used.
Nettle infusion
It is also a very useful and simple feeding option. After all, nettle contains a lot of calcium.
The container should be filled with 1/3 of nettle, filled with water and left to infuse for a week. Then dilute this infusion with water until a pale green color and water your plantings with this solution. From such a solution, the pepper begins to grow faster, and subsequently bears fruit actively.
Eggshell
Eggshells are also very often used to feed peppers.
The shell of 3 eggs must be well crushed and filled with three liters of warm water. Insist on such a solution for three days, stirring it periodically. During these days, the shell will give up magnesium, iron, potassium and calcium. In the future, this solution is diluted with warm water in a ratio of 1: 3 and watered with it.
Onion peel
An excellent top dressing is onion husk tincture - after all, it is full of trace elements and disinfectants. This solution is very useful for young seedlings. For such an infusion, you need to soak only 20 grams of husk in 5 liters of water and leave for 5 days, after which you can water the seedlings.
Coffee grounds
As a fertilizer, you can use coffee, or rather coffee grounds. It needs to be collected and dried, and then applied to the ground in a dry form. Thanks to this, the soil will have a sufficient amount of nitrogen and oxygen. Moreover, oxygen is especially useful for plants.
Banana peel
Many people add chopped banana peel to the ground, in addition to potassium, it is full of other substances that are very useful for pepper.
Iodine
One of the famous dressings. It quickly increases the quantity, and most importantly, the external and taste quality of the crop, the plant becomes a lot of vitamin C. Thanks to iodine, the absorption of nitrogen-containing substances improves, and, accordingly, the plant's immunity increases, it becomes resistant to many diseases.
Yeast
A unique product in which there are a lot of bacteria necessary for pepper. Feeding with yeast is necessary after planting pepper seedlings in open ground. Then the seedlings will take root faster and grow more actively.
When feeding with yeast, plant immunity rises sharply. They begin to grow very actively, develop correctly and bear fruit well.
For feeding with yeast, 5 tbsp is taken. tablespoons of sugar, 1 pack of dry yeast, half a liter of dried chicken manure and half a liter of wood ash. All this is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10. It is applied 2 weeks after the transplant. Often this fertilizer cannot be used, ideally no more than three times during the entire season.
Urea solution
It is also a very good top dressing, which gives an excellent harvest. For her you need to take 1 teaspoon of urea, 1 tbsp. spoon of double superphosphate and pour 10 liters of warm water. Pour this solution half a liter per bush.
In the case of seedlings, urea must be used carefully, because if this fertilizer is too much, then the germination of seedlings will be very poor. And in this case, you will need to add additional land to this place in order to mix it with the existing one. And also potassium will need to be added to the already finished soil.
Complex feeding
There are both double and triple top dressing. It can be complex, it contains two or even three useful substances at the same time.
Complex fertilizers are also very good for fertilizing eggplants and tomatoes. For peppers, for example, the Clean Leaf complex remedy is well suited because it contains a lot of substances useful for peppers.
Some components are simply mixed. For example:
- Infusion of mullein is mixed with superphosphate.
- Also mix 2 tsp. urea with superphosphate and 15 liters of water.
- 100 g of raw yeast is mixed with 50 g of sugar and diluted in 10 liters of water.