Habañero pepper

In the modern world, among thrill-seekers (especially if we are talking about the taste of products) there is a Scoville scale, according to which the pungency of certain foods and vegetables is usually determined. Habanero pepper is quite spicy, according to this scale, its properties vary from 100 thousand to 475 thousand. In fact, this is one of the highest rates among pepper crops. Basically, it is very much loved in Mexico, since it is in this country that the spicy Habanero is used as a seasoning or an ingredient for a huge number of national dishes.

Hot peppers Habanero: variety description

Hot pepper Habanero: photo of the variety

Habanero bitter pepper, in addition to its bright taste properties, also has a huge number of beneficial aspects. For example, it can help a person reduce pain and also stimulate hair growth. Today, several types of Habanero peppers are distinguished at once, each of which has not only special taste, but also special external characteristics:

• Habanero White - This is a pepper, whose fruits are white. It is rather unusual in shape, rather it resembles not a typical pepper, but a chewing candy, therefore it is often called "candy chili" among the people.
• Habanero Fateli - the sharpness of the Habanero pepper on the Scoville scale varies from 125 thousand to 325 thousand
• Habanero Tigerpaw - when this fruit reaches its maximum in its ripeness, the fruits become incredibly bright orange
• Habanero Red Caribbean - most often it is this Habanero bitter pepper that is used to prepare national Mexican dishes. The fruits have a standard bright red hue, as if to indicate that they are incredibly pungent.
• Habanero Red Savina - the fruits of this variety are very fleshy, with an abundant amount of seeds inside
• Habanero Choklat - fruits, as the name suggests, are chocolate-colored. There are notes of smoke in the taste of pepper, as well as the aroma of unusual exotic flowers.

Regardless of what type and variety the Habanero hot peppers belong to, the bushes give an excellent, bountiful harvest. As a rule, up to 1 kilogram of fruit can be harvested from one Habanero hot pepper bush. In tropical regions, shrubs can bear fruit throughout the year, because it is there that they grow in the most suitable conditions for this. If the climatic conditions are moderate, then the Habanero pepper may not grow as a perennial, but rather as an annual plant. About the third month after planting the bush, you can harvest the very first crop from it. But before you collect the fruits, you should carefully examine them and determine whether they are fully ripe, or they can be kept on the bush for up to ten days.

Habanero bitter pepper: variety photo

Jabareno pepper is one of the hottest peppers in the world. Despite the fact that in appearance the peppers are completely harmless, attractive, reminiscent of paprika, it is still best not to use them in their raw form, since in this way a person can very much harm his body. It is best to grind peppers, prepare spices from them or preserve them; in this form, they are also great for further use.

As for the yield of the Habanero bitter pepper, then, as we have already noted, it is distinguished by a rather high level. Many gardeners plant Habanero hot peppers for decorative purposes rather than actually harvesting the bushes. Depending on the variety, the color of the peppers can vary from red, yellow to dark brown.There are also varieties where hot peppers are completely white in color. The plant does not have a positive attitude towards frequent watering, so it is best to moisturize them as little as possible. Then the hot Habanero pepper will delight the gardener with good fruiting, and the fruits will be of fairly high quality.

In addition, Habanero peppers contain a huge amount of vitamins (A, B, C), as well as various trace elements. Among them, iodine and iron, calcium and phosphorus, as well as potassium, which are incredibly useful for the human body, should be distinguished in particular.

Habanero pepper: growing at home

Hot Mexican Habanero pepper: photo of the variety

Of course, growing any crop is not only an interesting process, but also quite specific. Habanero pepper seeds are best sown around February, and before planting, they should be soaked, leaving them in damp gauze for three days. After that, the container for planting is filled with a steamed mixture, which the grower makes from such components as garden soil, peat and humus, as well as vermiculite. When the seeds of the Mexican Habanero pepper begin to swell gradually, they should be sent to the prepared soil mixture, deepening by about one centimeter. After that, the crops must be sprayed with warm water, covered with glass or wrapped in plastic.

After about a month, the first shoots will begin to appear, and the glass or plastic can be removed from the pot. A fluorescent lamp should be installed next to the seedlings of hot Habanero peppers, which should provide illuminated seedlings for about 16 hours a day. When the first leaves appear on the seedlings, they are then simply transplanted into separate pots, and the lamp should provide illumination not for 16, but for 12 hours. It is also necessary to periodically feed the plants - once every two weeks, the gardener introduces a phosphorus-potassium mixture, which will stimulate the growth of the Habanero hot pepper.

In order for the bushes not to grow and to be compact enough, they should be pinched. The first flowers that appear on the bushes are best removed. After that, you can remove parts of the flowers when larger fruits appear. If a gardener tries to grow Habanero at home, then he does not have the opportunity to pollinate with the help of insects, so it is best to do this with a brush by hand.

For feeding, as we have already noted, it is best to take mineral fertilizers. Organics can also be great for this - compost is best. There are also some conditions that apply to watering:

• if Mexican Habanero peppers are in their tiniest stage, they should be watered very often. At the same time, you should not abuse moisture, as this can provoke various kinds of diseases.
• in winter, it is best to reduce watering altogether, and carry it out only when necessary
• in April, the abundance of watering increases, since it is during this period that the plant begins to develop most actively
• if Habanero hot peppers are grown at home on a windowsill, then it is best to water about twice a day - early in the morning and late in the evening.

Watering is a very delicate process, so you should be very careful with it. Overflowing, using cold water in irrigation - all this can provoke rotting processes in the root system. Peppers are a culture that loves heat very much, so you should defend the water, bring it to room temperature, and only in this way the plant will develop and bear fruit in the most suitable environment for itself.

Diseases and pests dangerous for pepper

Hot pepper Habanero: photo of the variety

Habanero peppers, despite the fact that they have a rather high level of resistance to diseases and pests, nevertheless, when planted in open ground, can be susceptible to various diseases and insects, which just provoke these diseases.It is important to consider the most basic among them, and know what preventive measures to use in order to prevent their spread and, consequently, crop loss.

• Blackleg - pepper disease, which mainly develops because excessive moisture is noted in the soil. In addition, high air temperature provokes the disease, and the fact that the plants are planted too close to each other: they simply do not have enough space and oxygen for normal functioning. First, the root system is affected by the disease: it begins to turn black very quickly, and then the disease affects the entire bush, and it very quickly loses its ability to function normally and, accordingly, give normal yields.
• Verticillosis - first, the hot Mexican Habanero pepper begins to fade very quickly, and then just as quickly loses its ability to function and dies. The causative agent of verticillosis is the spores of the smallest fungi that develop and multiply in the soil. The plant is then attacked, mainly through cracks in the root system. If the plant gets sick with verticillosis, then it is best to remove it from the soil and burn it, and disinfect the soil.

Hot pepper Habanero: photo of the variety

• Phytoplasmosis - the causative agent of this common disease are leafhoppers, which live and actively reproduce in soils. Most often, the plant becomes infected in May, when the soil warmed up, and the leafhoppers began their active life. First, the root is affected, and the upper part of the plant begins to wilt, acquiring an unhealthy yellow tint. The leaves on the pepper curl, the fruits can set, but they will be incredibly small in size, with thinned walls and completely abnormal taste.

Aphid belongs to the most dangerous pests that feed on the juicy pulp of peppers. Because of this, the hot Habanero pepper becomes thinned, does not give the harvest as it should be. Another pest - spider mite... To prevent it from divorcing, it is best to spray the plant with a solution high in garlic, liquid soap, and onions as a preventive measure. A solution based on dandelion tops is excellent. Naked slugs Are pests that eat the green part of the leaf. In order for them not to be divorced, it is necessary to constantly clean the beds, and then sprinkle them with either lime or tobacco dust before planting Habanero hot peppers.