Uncovering grapes: features. List of non-covering and covering varieties

The article presents uncovered grapes: a list of varieties, features.

Uncovering grapes: features of winter-hardy grape varieties

Uncovering grapes: features of winter-hardy grape varieties

Since winter is quite cold in many regions of Russia, the cultivation of heat-loving crops becomes problematic. For example, many grape varieties simply cannot survive the harsh winter. For such cases, varieties were invented that have strong resistance to frost.

Moreover, varieties that are resistant to low temperatures are divided into two groups:

1) Covering. What grape varieties can withstand temperatures around -24 - 27 degrees. If covering varieties are grown in the north of the country, then they must be covered.

2) Non-covering. Such grapes can survive temperatures as low as -30 degrees. Breeders even came up with varieties of grapes that do not freeze out without additional shelter at -45 degrees.

As a rule, gardeners note a good level of yield in winter-hardy varieties. It is imperative to control fruiting, as the uncovered grapes grow, all nutrition is given to the fruit. If there are too many bunches, then the shoots do not have time to ripen, while the roots of the plant do not receive nutrition. If the bush is overloaded with fruits, then frost resistance decreases, the fruits become worse in taste. Therefore, it is very important to prune the grape bush in a timely manner. In springtime, it is necessary to remove the shoots in which the buds are frozen, and during the growing season, extra stems and bunches are removed.

Do not forget that even the strongest grape varieties can suffer from lack of snow in winter. In varieties that are non-covering, the rhizome may freeze. In this case, in the spring, you must definitely think about the health of your plant. To begin with, along the circumference of the base of the plant, you need to fluff the soil. The shoots must be removed from the supports, twisted in a ring, and laid on the soil, while securing the shoots with wire. After that, the plants need to be covered with a film. In greenhouse conditions, the shoots should come to life, put down new roots, but they will be located on the surface.

Non-covering grapes: how to choose a variety

Non-covering grapes: how to choose a variety

When choosing grape varieties, several important characteristics must be taken into account.

Firstly, a winter-resistant variety should tolerate low temperatures well, and also have strong immunity against major diseases and pests.

Secondly, the grapes must contain a sufficient amount of juice.

Thirdly, the sugar level in the berry must be at least 20%.

Fourthly, grapes must have a maximum of vitamins and useful elements.

Some of the frost-resistant varieties can be grown even in Siberia. Non-covering grape varieties are good for the production of wines and juices. This is due to the fact that such berries have a bright taste and aroma.

As for the shortcomings, gardeners note the difficulties in leaving. One way or another, often young stems are still freezing. From time to time, the surface of the roots freezes. The bunches and fruits of these varieties are usually not too large. Most of these berries are suitable for processing. Frost-resistant varieties usually include varieties for technical purposes, but there are also table varieties.Frost-resistant varieties can be planted as a "living fence", such a vineyard can well complement the arch. Some varieties of these grapes are used in medicine and for cosmetic purposes.

Popular uncovered grape varieties

Non-sheltering varieties have one thing in common, the shoots overwinter on the trellis without the help of additional shelter. Such varieties have good immunity to disease. They are also suitable for cultivation practically throughout Russia.

Isabel.

This variety was obtained during the Soviet Union and is very popular among gardeners. This variety thrives best in temperate climates. Isabella also grows well in the Black Earth Region, such grapes are used for the production of wine. The berries are rounded, slightly elongated, reaching about twenty millimeters in length. The peel has a dark blue color and a coating of white. Inside, the berry has a rather sour taste, a tart aftertaste, while the aroma is very bright.

Lydia.

Popular uncovered grape varieties

This grape variety is good for growing in the Krasnodar Territory, as well as in other regions with a temperate climate. If such a variety is grown in the northern regions of the country, then shelter for the winter will be required. The fruits have a rounded shape, during ripening they acquire a brownish reddish hue, the berries have a bright grape aroma, this grape variety is often used for the production of wines and juices. The berries ripen after one hundred and fifty days. Many people point out that Lydia is a good raw material for wine vinegar.

Sharov's riddle.

This grape variety is one of the best frost resistant varieties. This variety can be grown in Siberia, as the plant can tolerate temperatures below -30 degrees. Ripening occurs after 3 months from the moment the buds bloom. This grape variety is large-fruited, the fruits are in the shape of a ball, they are not too dense on the bunch. The peel has a dark blue color and a bloom of white, does not have strong acidity to its taste, inside the berries have a lot of juice, are quite sugary. One bunch in its weight can reach half a kilogram. This grape variety is able to maintain its presentation for a long time.

Ontario.

This variety was created for cultivation in the Leningrad region and other regions with a similar climate. The grapes were created thanks to breeders from America. The berries are shaped like a ball. One bunch in its weight reaches about 250 g. The berries that have reached maturity have a beautiful amber hue, the fruits look especially beautiful in the sun. Inside, the berry has a slimy texture, as well as a sour tint in taste with a slight astringency. The aroma is bright enough. This variety is well suited for making wine at home.

Bianca.

This variety, resistant to winter non-sheltering type, thrives on the territory of the Urals and other regions where the temperate climate prevails. This variety is early in terms of ripening. The clusters of this grape variety are not too large, in their weight they reach about one hundred grams. The fruits are also quite small, have the shape of a ball, and at the same time have an excellent dessert taste. This non-covering grade is technical for its intended purpose. As a rule, these berries are good for the production of sweet wines. This grape variety will feel good on the territory of the Rostov region. Plant shoots can survive temperatures as low as -27 degrees. If the shrub is slightly frozen in winter, then in the spring it will most likely easily regain its strength.

Covering grape varieties

As a rule, large-fruited varieties with good frost resistance are always covering. Without additional insulation, such plants can only be grown in warm climates.

Ataman.

This variety has a very good resistance to low temperatures, while the size of its berries can reach a length of about 5 cm.The berry has an oval shape, is quite elongated, in its weight one fruit reaches about 20 g, when the berries ripen, they acquire a lilac hue ... The surface has a silvery-white coating. The berry tastes quite sweet, with a slight refreshing sourness. The bunches are large enough. One brush in its weight can reach 1 kg. Given this fact, it is necessary to harvest on time. Otherwise, the bush may lean to the ground under the weight of a heavy crop. This variety was bred by crossing the Talisman and Rizamat varieties. As a rule, the brushes reach their maturity after 150 days. Harvesting usually falls on the fifteenth of September. Before the winter period, the shoots must be cut and bent to the soil.

Ilya.

This grape variety is conditionally winter hardy, it is able to withstand temperatures down to -24 degrees. In terms of ripening, this variety is early, the berries ripen after 110 days. This variety was obtained by crossing such varieties as Kishmish radiant and Voskovoy. In terms of size, the fruits are large enough, have an elongated shape. The berry has a light green tint. The fruits look very beautiful in the rays of the sun, they become golden in color. In its mass, one fruit reaches about 20 g. The peel is quite thin, while eating it is almost not felt. The berry reaches almost 3 cm in length and 2.5 cm in width. The aroma of these berries is quite delicate. Brushes of this variety have a cylindrical shape, most often in the form of a cone. One bunch can weigh 1 kg. As a rule, such fruits are eaten fresh.

Cherry.

This grape has a very beautiful appearance, the shape of the fruit resembles a cherry. This variety is a hybrid that was obtained by crossing varieties such as Victoria and Rizamat... The plant is able to withstand temperatures down to -25 degrees. Harvesting takes place after 110 days. The bush is medium in height, not too sprawling. This variety has strong immunity. One bunch in its mass can reach about half a kilogram. The fruit has a rounded, elongated shape, the berries in the bunch are quite dense, one berry reaches about 2.5 cm in diameter. The ripe grapes have a red tint. The peel is quite dense, inside the berry has a sweet taste, as well as a bright aroma of nutmeg.

In memory of Smolnikov.

This variety is able to withstand temperatures up to - 24 degrees. In terms of ripening, this variety belongs to the medium early. You can harvest the crop already 120 days after the buds bloom. This bush has a beautiful appearance. The brushes are very large, in their weight they can vary from 1 kg to 1.7. The fruits have a yellow greenish color. In its length, one berry can grow up to 4 cm, with a diameter of about 2.5 cm. Inside, the berries have a dessert taste, with a slight refreshing sourness. Sugar content is at a good level. This variety is almost never affected by powdery mildew and mildew. The fruits of this variety are well transported and stored.

Citron Magaracha.

This grape variety is hybrid, and for its purpose it is a table variety. Harvesting begins after 130 days. The bushes of this variety are medium in size, the shoots are quite elongated. One bunch in its weight reaches half a kilogram. In a bunch, the fruits are located quite tightly. The berries have a light green color, the surface with a bloom of white, one fruit in its mass reaches about 6 g. Inside, the berry is sweet, quite aromatic. The rind is firm but not coarse. As a rule, this variety is used for the production of wines. The most ripe berries have a lot of sugar, such fruits are suitable for sweet fortified wines. In autumn, shoots must be cut and covered.This is due to the fact that temperatures below -25 degrees are fatal for plants.

Julian.

This variety begins to sing early enough, in the southern regions after 90 days, as for the conditions of the middle lane, the harvest is harvested in 110 days. This is a table grape variety. The brushes are large enough, weighing from 0.6 to 1 kg. If you follow the basic rules for growing, you can achieve a brush size of up to 2 kg. The berries are cylindrical and oblong. The berries are not too densely arranged on the bunch. One fruit in its weight reaches about 20 g. When the berries are ripe, they acquire a golden or pinkish hue. A berry that is overripe becomes lilac. This variety has a high taste. The texture of the berry is very pleasant, it has a lot of juice. The peel is invisible while eating. The aroma is quite bright, nutmeg. This variety has a good degree of resistance to major diseases, but can be attacked by gray mold. To this end, it is necessary to carry out preventive measures with the help of Bordeaux mixture.

Galahad.

This variety was bred by our breeders. Such grapes ripen early enough, in southern conditions the fruits are harvested after 95 days, for cooler regions the harvest begins in 115 days. This variety is practically not exposed to diseases, however, resistance to powdery mildew, mildew and powdery mildew is average. The brushes are medium in size, the berries are loosely arranged. The bunch is similar in shape to a triangle. The berry has a yellow greenish color. The surface is covered with a thin layer of wax. The berry is large enough, elongated, about 3 cm long. One fruit weighs about 12 g. The peel is strong enough, but tender. Inside, the berries have a sweet taste, a large amount of juice. The fruits practically do not crack, which makes this variety good for long-term storage and transportation. This variety is good both fresh and in the form of juice.

Uncovered grapes