Pear Nart

Pear Nart of early winter ripening period appeared relatively recently, but has already gained popularity among gardeners of the North Caucasus region. Pears of the Nart variety are grown everywhere in Kabardino-Balkaria, Dagestan, North Ossetia and Alania, as well as in the Crimea, Rostov Region, Krasnodar Territory and Stavropol Territory. This article will focus on the main characteristics and advantages of the Nart pear variety.

Pear Nart: variety description and characteristics

Pear Nart: photo of the variety

The Nart pear variety owes its appearance to the employees of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mining and Piedmont Agriculture. The famous scientist-breeder Kostyk P.P. in collaboration with A.I. Tereshchenkova and Khachetlova L.The. carried out pollination of an old American pear variety "Kieffer" with a complex mixture of pollen. It included material from such well-known varieties as the Belgian "Forest Beauty" and "Ferdinant" ("Bere Ardanpon") and the old French variety "Bere Bosc"(" Bere Alexander "). The new hybrid has been in the State Register since 1998.

• Description of the plant

Nart pear trees are characterized by fast growth rates and form a not too dense crown in the form of a wide pyramid. The rough bark of the standard part of the tree is colored light brown, as is the bark of skeletal branches. The few branches are almost parallel to the ground and are usually covered with dense foliage. Almost all of them are covered with numerous branched ringlets, which are involved in the formation of fruit ovaries. Shoots are brown in color, they are usually straight, rather strong and thick, elongated, with a rounded section. They are characterized by the absence of the edge and the average length of internodes. Superficial lentils are very small; smooth oval buds are colored red-brown and are located obliquely. Large elongated leaf plates have a bright green color and small-town outlines. Their hard, glossy surface is covered with light edging. The leaves are arranged on thick stalks of medium length with medium-sized stipules of a pointed shape.

During the flowering period, large white flowers in the form of a deep bowl bloom on the shoots. They consist of solid petals, gathered around short pistils, covered with a fringe.

• Description of fruits

Nart pears are large in size and have regular pear-rhomboid outlines. The glossy and rather thick skin becomes covered with an oily coating during storage. The tiny subcutaneous dots are almost invisible. In the phase of removable maturity, the surface of the fruits of the Nart pear is in a greenish-yellow tint with a dull tan. Reaching consumer maturity, it acquires a lemon color, and the tan becomes purple, rustiness is not typical for this variety. A medium-long arcuate thick peduncle is found in a miniature funnel; the calyx is usually closed; a shallow and wide saucer is characterized by the presence of grooves, and a funnel shape is characteristic of the small tube. The heart is usually rather large, the narrow axial cavity is elongated. A few medium-sized seeds are colored pale brown.

The pulp of the Nart pear is characterized by a white color with a yellow tinge and a table sweet-sour taste, in which notes are noticeable, traditional for one of the parent varieties - "Kieffer". His score is 3.8 points. The rather dense pulp of "Nart" is saturated with juice and contains small grains and granules. The appearance of the fruits of this variety received the highest mark of 5 points.

The chemical composition of the fruits of the Nart pear variety includes a lot of sugars (10%), acids (0.1%), vitamin C (1.9 mg per 100 g). They can be stored for quite a long time and tolerate transportation well. As a rule, Nart pears are eaten fresh, and are also used for making jams, juices and compotes.

Features of fruiting and harvesting

Pear Nart: photo of the variety

Pear Nart is characterized by medium terms of the onset of fruiting and belongs to self-fertile hybrids. This variety is best pollinated by Bere Ardanpon and the French Pass-Crassan.
The picking ripeness of the Nart pear falls on the last days of September, the phase of consumer maturity begins in mid-October and lasts until the end of the calendar year. The growing season ends in the middle of autumn, the indicators of fruit shedding are average.

The Nart pear bears fruit every year, but the yield is classified as medium. Usually, about 34 tons of fruits are harvested from 1 hectare. In the case of grafting on quince, recorded by M.M. Mursalov. in Dagestan, the yield increased by one and a half times and amounted to more than 54 tons per hectare.

Pear Nart: advantages and disadvantages

• Dignity pear varieties Nart

In addition to high commercial qualities of fruits and stable yield, the variety of pears "Nart" has other advantages. First of all, we are talking about its average resistance to adverse environmental conditions. Relative winter hardiness allows it to withstand frosts down to -29 degrees without significant damage. Trees of this variety tolerate drought well and are rarely affected by a disease such as scab, which is common among fruit crops. The greatest danger to him is posed by pests.

• Weaknesses pear varieties Nart

The Nart pear variety has one significant drawback - the crown is too rare. The gardener has to do regular pruning to make it thicker - especially the summer pruning of young trees is important.

Conclusion

Pear Nart is a successful combination of such qualities as drought resistance, relative winter hardiness, stable yield and high commercial quality of fruits. Thanks to them, Nart pear trees have become widespread in the southern regions of the country.