Black cherry: popular varieties, care

Even despite the fact that today a huge number of a wide variety of cherry varieties have been bred, which can perfectly adapt and bear fruit in different regions of our country, black cherry remains very popular and in demand. The fruits that are obtained from gardeners have an atypical deep maroon, almost black color, they make excellent preparations for the winter, compotes and jams, preserves and sauces, as well as drinks. Moreover, in terms of taste, black cherry is more preferable than sweet cherry. Hybrid varieties of black cherry were obtained thanks to the search for breeders who wanted to get large-fruited varieties that are distinguished by excellent resistance to not the most favorable natural and climatic conditions, and unpretentiousness, if we talk directly about care measures.

To date, several of the most popular varieties have been bred, which we will talk about in more detail in this article. We will also describe the details of planting cherries and caring for black cherries, so that it is easier for the gardener to follow all possible agrotechnical rules and, accordingly, get a bountiful, tasty and healthy crop that will be stored for a long time and transported over long distances. This article will be useful not only for novice gardeners who do not yet have experience in growing fruit and berry crops, but also for those gardeners who already have experience and are in constant search of completely new varieties that will stand out perfectly against the background of classic cherry crops.

Black cherry: varieties in demand in modern gardening

The cherry tree of black cherry fruits can grow up to five meters in height. At the same time, the crown is quite wide pyramidal in shape. Flowers appear very abundantly around the third year after the seedlings have been planted in open ground. By the end of July, dark medium-sized berries ripen on the branches, the weight of one cherry can reach six grams. Today, there are more than ten different varieties of cherries, the fruits of which are obtained with a deep dark shade.

Vladimirskaya cherry is a tall and self-fertile variety that is very common in various regions of our country. This tree can perfectly tolerate temperature extremes as well as drought. It should be borne in mind that from severe frosts, especially from recurrent frosts, most of the flowers can crumble. As a result, they fall off, and there may not be any harvest from this at all. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to carefully look after the tree, give it additional support, protect it, carry out pruning, and also wrap the plant in the winter. The berries are dark burgundy, deep in color, almost black. The pulp is dense, exudes a pleasant berry-floral aroma, you can harvest at the end of July. The seeds inside the fruits are small enough, when the fruits ripen, they are perfectly separated from the pulp. If you properly care for the plant, follow all the rules of agricultural technology, and also if the most favorable weather and climatic conditions develop, then from one tree it will be possible to collect about twenty kilograms of high-quality and very tasty fruits. It is also worth noting that the plant needs care also for the reason that it is susceptible to fungal infections. That is why it is worth constantly taking preventive measures so that the plant does not get sick, the yield does not decrease.The plant fructifies on average up to fifteen years, the harvest is regular, tasty and quite abundant.

Griot Rossoshansky is a variety that takes root well in the southern part of our country. The difference between the culture is that cherries are not at all afraid of gray or white rot, and at the same time they give a very bountiful and stable harvest. If other trees grow next to the tree, which can become pollinators, then the yield can increase significantly, which also cannot be ignored. In general, it is a self-fertile variety, but additional pollinators in the vicinity will never be redundant, and this is the case for many other cherry varieties that initially claim to be self-fertile. The height of the tree reaches six meters, usually in the last days of June, the gardener can already start harvesting. Under favorable conditions and subject to all agrotechnical conditions, it is possible to collect up to sixteen kilograms of excellent fruits, which differ in some special characteristics. The berries have a pronounced sweet taste, the skin is very beautiful, dark red, which makes the fruit also a very attractive presentation. The pulp is tender and juicy, so the plant can be eaten fresh, and various dishes, preparations and drinks can be made from the fruit, which makes the berries universal. At the same time, it is worth paying attention to some aspects. This cherry variety is practically not adapted for long-distance transportation, and the plant can also be exposed to various fungal and viral diseases, including a particularly dangerous fungus - coccomycosis. At the same time, diseases can be prevented, preventive spraying of the crown with insecticides and fungicides can be carried out in order to simply prevent this disease, since it is in fact very dangerous, and after it the plant rarely recovers, not to mention the fact that it can bear fruit or grow ... In general, if all these conditions are observed, then you can get an excellent and plentiful, tasty harvest that will be adapted for the preparation of various dishes and drinks, but it will not work at all to transport it over long distances, which must also be borne in mind. More details about this cherry variety here.

Cherry Zhukovskaya is another cherry variety, the fruits of which are dark, almost black in color. Trees begin to bloom, and then bear fruit as early as the fourth year after the seedling was planted in open ground. The pulp, like the skin, is colored black, and the variety as a whole has several of the most basic advantages that cannot be ignored, because it is they who largely determine why the choice of gardeners falls on this particular plant and this particular cherry variety. So, the advantages include the following features:

- a high level of productivity - up to three full buckets of cherry berries can be harvested from one tree, sometimes even more, if the gardener followed all the rules of planting and subsequent care

- the taste of the berries is really excellent - they are very sweet and juicy, while universal

- long-distance transportation for this variety is absolutely nothing new, since the fruits tolerate it perfectly, they can also be stored after that for a long time, without losing their useful and taste qualities and properties at all

- the variety is excellently resistant to diseases, but it should be emphasized that the variety needs additional support from the gardener in order not to become infected with the fungus, and so that the disease, if it occurs, does not spread too actively, it could be localized at the earliest stages, this is also very, very important.

One berry can weigh up to seven grams, which makes the harvest large.The tree can bear fruit regularly and for a very long time - within two decades it will be possible to harvest a bountiful harvest, but it is worth keeping in mind some peculiarities. One of them is that during frosts (small, returnable, in general any), flowers from a cherry can crumble very quickly. This leads to the fact that the crop may not be on the plant, so this aspect must be borne in mind, carefully monitor the plant. Of course, it is recommended to initially plant the tree in suitable climatic conditions, because only then will it be able to give a bountiful and worthy harvest, and bear fruit annually, without interruptions and loss of harvest.

Rossoshanskaya black cherry is a variety that ideally takes root in favorable climatic conditions prevailing in the North Caucasus, as well as in the Lower Volga region. In general, this variety needs warmth and constant lighting. The cherry turns out to be very large, it can be harvested already in the third year after the seedling has been planted in open ground. At the same time, when the tree adapts, becomes older, it is possible to collect from fifteen to twenty kilograms of high-quality fruits from it, which will be used both fresh and in order to make various preparations. Flowers can form very late, but fruits can be harvested around June, so the variety belongs to the early or mid-early group. Cherries have an excellent presentation, have a dark brown, almost black skin color. Berries perfectly tolerate long-distance transportation, it is recommended to prepare drinks from them - compotes or wine, it all depends on the tastes and desires of the gardener himself. Again, a lot depends solely on the care measures. Although cherry is not a particularly capricious and whimsical culture, it is still worth looking after the plant, giving it additional care, treating the crown, and shaping it by pruning. More about the variety here.

Black Large Cherry - a hybrid cherry variety, which appeared with the participation of Soviet breeders. This is a rather undersized tree, which has a very dense crown, while the shoots are long, slightly drooping. The peculiarity of the plant is that very large berries are formed on such a small tree bush. Their skin is almost black, very thin, the pulp is sweet and juicy, and the color of the fruit and pulp itself is very rich. The taste is sweet and sour, but the berries have a universal purpose, so they can be consumed fresh, and you can also prepare a wide variety of drinks and dishes from them, preserves, jams, and wine. The taste is rich, just like the color of the resulting drink or jam, sauce or jam. One fruit in weight can reach eight grams, fruiting begins when the plant reaches four years of age. At the same time, cherries can begin to be harvested around the end of June, the fruits are perfectly stored, do not deteriorate in the refrigerator, they can lie there and be stored for two months without losing their useful properties. There are also disadvantages of this variety. The fact is that the plant lives for a very long time - more than twenty years, and at the same time, the tree can be affected by various fungal diseases, which, of course, is a huge disadvantage. At the same time, you can take care of the plant, and in this case it will feel much more comfortable and better adapted.

Morel Bryanskaya is a black cherry that was bred by Dutch breeders and quickly gained its popularity in our country and around the world. Depending on which variety this plant belongs to, it can be of a shrub form, or it can be a tree with a special lush crown. Morel can be planted in personal plots, as well as in gardens, while it needs to be cared for by a gardener.The culture is distinguished by the absence of special whims, it is unpretentious, while the variety perfectly tolerates frosts and cold snaps, is not attacked by bacteria and spores, which provoke fungal diseases. In order to maintain the vital activity of the plant, the crown can be treated with insecticides, while the treatment should be carried out no more often than once a season, then the plant will be under reliable protection. The fruits are large, they are easy enough to pick from shrubs or trees, flowering occurs around the end of May. This means that at the end of June one can observe the ripening of the first fruits. Also, such a flowering period protects the plant from recurrent frosts, so the flowers are safe, they do not crumble, and you can count on a bountiful harvest.

Black consumer goods is another black cherry variety that is in great demand among gardeners. This is a very popular variety, as the berries look incredibly attractive, and their taste is not inferior to the taste of other varieties, and in some aspects even surpasses. The variety was bred by domestic breeders at the beginning of the last century, and has come a difficult and long way to being recognized as one of the most famous and popular varieties not only in our country, but throughout the world. The first fruits begin to set very quickly - already in the second year after planting the seedlings in open ground, cherries ripen in July, which differ in some fruit properties: the pulp is very tender, at the same time very dense and strong, its taste is sweet, pleasant, very attractive, but there is sourness, which does not spoil the overall taste sensations, which, of course, is a huge advantage of this berry variety. At the same time, the fruits are quite small - the weight of one is usually about four grams, the yield can be much higher and better if pollinating varieties also grow next to this variety. Among them are Vladimirskaya or Zhukovskaya cherry varieties. At the same time, there are drawbacks - the tree can hardly endure severe winters, and it can also suffer a lot from the return frosts in May, since because of them most of the flowers may crumble and, accordingly, the yield may decrease, or it may not be at all in some of those dangerous seasons.

In memory of Voronchikhina - this black cherry was obtained by crossing two well-known morts - Spectacular cherry and Prima variety. The tree reaches a height of five meters, its crown is very spreading, has average thickening values. The buds appear very large, while the fruits weighing up to five grams, are black in color, the skin on them is very dense. The stone is separated with great difficulty even when the fruits are fully ripe, and this is probably one of the disadvantages of this variety. In general, when the tree reaches its maximum growth, two to three leads of high quality and very tasty fruits can be harvested from one tree, which have a universal purpose. If very cold periods come, then the tree calmly tolerates them, there is no tendency to freeze. Flowering begins very early, and by about the end of June, the cherry harvest can be harvested.

Chocolate girl - another variety of black cherry, which was bred by domestic breeders. This variety is very resistant to temperature extremes and frost, while fruiting occurs three years after the seedling has been placed in the open field. The fruits are distinguished by the fact that they are very easy and simple to transport over long distances, while the variety is also distinguished by the fact that this cherry can be grown on an industrial scale, since it is highly adaptable and gives excellent yielding results. At the same time, the height of the tree is about 2.5 meters, the crown is compact, very attractive, and responds well to formative pruning.There are also several advantages of this variety:

- the variety is very resistant to the dry period, even if they are delayed, this does not particularly affect the condition of the plant

Is a self-fertile variety, so there is no need to plant other varieties nearby for pollination to occur

- the presentation of the fruits is at the highest level, therefore they are often grown on an industrial scale, in order to then be sold in markets and in supermarkets

- the fruits have a very pleasant taste, the sourness is practically not expressed in any way, so they can be consumed even fresh.

This variety just feels great on well-lit slopes, and also prefers to grow in light and fertile soils, so in this regard, the gardener should take care of preparing the soil and the place for planting the cherry variety. At the same time, the plant is often exposed to diseases, since it does not have the highest immunity. But if you follow this, the results will be excellent, and the yield will amaze any gardener, even a beginner.

Anthracite cherry is a variety that is a small tree on which there is an abundance of cherry fruits. The variety is great for growing it in personal plots, and ideally, the tree can become a decorative decoration of the site. The berries weigh about five grams and are heart-shaped. At the same time, it cannot be said that the yield is very high, since the cherry tends to fall off. But the resulting crop can be consumed fresh, made from berries jam, drinks, wine, jams, sauces. When transported over long distances, the fruits do not wrinkle at all, do not lose their presentation and, most importantly, they do not lose their taste and useful characteristics. Berries contain a large amount of antioxidants, as well as vitamin C, which are incredibly beneficial to human health and the body.

Black cherry: siting and planting

Of course, in order for black cherries to suffer less from fungal diseases and from damage by viruses and pests, it is worth observing some agrotechnical rules. It is imperative that you be very careful when choosing a place for planting, since black cherries should feel comfortable in order to give a bountiful and tasty harvest. Trees do not particularly like to be in the shade, so it is better to plant them in the southern part, near the walls of the house or fences, so that there are no strong drafts and winds. The seedlings should be carefully inspected, they should not be deformed or damaged. Planting is recommended in spring, so that the tree has time to adapt to new conditions. It is also worth noting that before planting, the site should be dug up, some amount of organic fertilizers should be added to it. The hole should be more than half a meter deep, but its width should be about a meter - this is how much the plant needs in order to develop normally and give excellent results in terms of growth. The seedling should also be treated with growth stimulants right before planting. Ideally, Kornevin is suitable for this, the seedling is kept in it for no more than ten hours, after which the root system should be dried a little, and then sent directly into the ground.

In order for the seedling to successfully take root, several basic rules must be observed:

- a peg is hammered into the hole, its height should be about one and a half meters. This peg is then suitable for tying a growing seedling to it.

- wood ash, soil and humus are laid at the bottom of the hole, which are necessary in order to saturate the earth for planting

- the tree is placed in a hole, while a very small mound is poured. The root neck should be located above the soil surface, but should rise no more than six centimeters

- the roots are sprinkled with earth, slightly compacted, after which they are watered with warm settled water

- the seedling is attached to the peg, but not very tightly, it should not be strongly pinched, otherwise the plant will begin to experience crushing, due to which some of its parts will not be saturated with the necessary nutrients, wither and die.

The soil should also be covered, for this, ideally, compost or humus is used, that is, it is preferable to choose organic matter for these purposes. The layer should be about seven centimeters, no more. This will allow moisture to evaporate much more slowly and the plant will feel more comfortable. In order for the plant to develop well and give a bountiful harvest, you need to take care of it, keep an eye on it. This requires regular removal of weeds, as well as loosening the soil, especially after each watering. This will prevent water from stagnating in the upper layers of the soil, and the soil itself will be well ventilated. As practice shows, young plants need moisture most of all than those that have already grown and give a stable harvest. In case of drought, it is necessary to irrigate the plant about three times in one month.

Watering

Cherries that have already entered the fruiting stage must be watered several times. The first time - when the ovaries form, the second irrigation is carried out when new buds are laid, and the third time it is best to moisten the plant before winter and the main frost. About once every two years, the trees should be fed with organic fertilizers, and mineral mixtures are also excellent for this. Crown shaping is an important step. For this, both formative and sanitary pruning is carried out in order to get rid of leaves and branches that have already wilted or dried up. In cold or wet weather, the plant is in danger: this time can become risky, fungal or viral diseases can form. If the gardener noticed the very first signs, then protective measures must be taken immediately, otherwise the plant will simply die and it will be impossible to save it. In general, if you constantly look after the plant, if you give it all the necessary care measures, then there is a high probability that it will be safe and will not be susceptible to diseases and pests. This means that the harvest will also be completely safe. You can also treat the crown and bark with insecticides and fungicides in order to prevent and prevent the development of diseases and infections in preventive measures. In general, if you follow all these activities, which depend on the gardener, then the result will not be long in coming, which, of course, is incredibly good, and will have an excellent effect on the general condition of the plant, its longevity, stress resistance and immunity.