Cherry Izyumnaya: description, characteristics, rules of agricultural technology, care

The article presents raisin cherry: a description of the variety, characteristics and features, a complete guide to planting, care, cultivation.

Cherry Izyumnaya: key characteristics of the variety

Sweet cherry raisin

A cherry variety called Raisin was obtained by crossing varieties such as Franz Joseph and the Black Eagle. By the way, it turned out to be a rather interesting variety with its own characteristics and characteristics, which I would like to draw attention to. This variety was entered into the state register in 1990, mainly zoned in the North Caucasus. But even the authors of the variety - M.T. Oratovsky and N.I. Turovtsev, emphasized that the variety can demonstrate excellent growth and development rates even in areas where climatic conditions are considered less favorable. In general, this is an interesting landing with its own interesting manifestations - it is important just to keep them in mind and take them into account when disembarking and subsequent care.

The tree is distinguished by its large size and active growth and development. The crown is dense, spherical, looks quite attractive. The shoots are thick, the branches are very strong, due to which a large amount of harvest and fruits can be located on them. Harvesting is quite convenient, since even after reaching consumer maturity, cherries do not crumble, and this reduces the risk of loss of the crop or the fact that it may somehow deteriorate. The fruits are formed, by the way, very large, rounded and colored in a dark red hue. The skin is dense, the pulp is juicy and incredibly aromatic, there is a pronounced sourness. Gardeners give a rating of fruits from 4.6 to 4.9 points out of five. It is also worth saying that the fruits contain a large amount of useful substances, due to which they are very useful for organizing baby and dietary food, do not cause allergic reactions.

There are several main characteristics that describe this variety best:

- it is a fast-growing variety that bears fruit in the fourth or fifth year after the seedling has been sent to the open ground;
Is a self-fertile crop that requires pollinating varieties. So the gardener should be prepared for the fact that, along with caring for the current crop, he is responsible for caring for pollinating varieties;
- this is a mid-late variety, respectively, it is worth focusing on the middle or end of summer in order to harvest.

But this will also largely depend on what area and in what climatic conditions this variety will grow, and how the gardener himself will take care of the planting in order to get the most out of it.

Sweet cherry Raisin: description of fruits, external signs

Sweet cherry raisin

The taste characteristics of the fruits are rated very highly, gardeners emphasize that the berries are incredibly sweet and, at the same time, have a large number of useful and nutritional properties that affect human health and condition. It is recommended to plant the variety in all regions of Russia, except for the most northern ones. This is due to the fact that the tree adapts remarkably in different climatic regions and zones, but still in some areas it is worth taking additional measures to protect the plantings, then they will feel even more comfortable.The tree grows up to 3.5 meters in height if the grower does not use any rootstocks. The crown is dense, spherical, looks quite attractive, although over time, the branches may become a little drooping under the weight of the fruit. The tree is distinguished by the fact that the bark is formed by a light, brown color, the shoots are slightly curved, and the leaves have a shape typical for the cherry culture. But let's talk about this further in a little more detail, so that it would be easier for the gardener to outline the image of this planting and understand how it will look in the future.

The large fruit size allows this variety to compete with many other plantings, which are considered among the most popular in the world. The tree is quite tall, reaches a height of five meters, the shoots are straight, thickened, very strong, capable of withstanding large volumes of harvest, which will certainly be formed if the gardener observes all the rules and regulations of agricultural technology. The crown is spherical, has medium thickening, looks quite solemn and attractive, indeed, during flowering, it attracts a lot of attention. The bark itself has a slightly brown color, but over time it can darken, peel off, which indicates that the tree is gradually maturing, and it is worth looking after it more carefully so that it bears fruit for as long as possible and pleases gardeners with its abundant and tasty harvest. The leaves are elliptical, the tips are slightly pointed - in general, this is a fairly typical leaf form, which is found in both cherry and cherry crops, which are close relatives to each other. Flowers can be arranged singly, or there can be bouquets-inflorescences, which consist of three flowers. These are mainly flowers of the female type, which are colored in a light pinkish-cream shade. Basically, during flowering, the planting looks really incredibly attractive and attractive, the plant looks decorative, and the flowers themselves are very fragrant. Therefore, more experienced gardeners choose cherries not only in order to get a harvest, but also in order to decorate their backyard with such a delicate and wonderful tree.

The growing season is about 70 days. The fruits are large, the weight of one berry can be about seven grams, and in shape they are more reminiscent of slightly rounded hearts. The color of both the skin and the pulp is red, the juice also turns out to be red. Taste characteristics are rated quite high, tasters emphasize the sweet taste of the berries and the density of the pulp, which allows the fruit to be stored for a long time and to be transported over long distances. Berries also retain their integrity for a long time when harvested - another advantage for those who do not yet know how to fully realize their harvest. This variety is recommended for growing in temperate climates, mainly in the southern or central parts of Russia. But there are experienced gardeners who say that they managed to grow cherries in less stable areas, and the harvest was just as good in quality.

What care does Raisin cherry require, especially wintering

Raisin cherry

Sweet cherry requires regular and fairly abundant watering, since this plant is generally not capable of tolerating droughts for a long time - this applies to absolutely any variety and any variety. In order to get juicy and very tasty fruits attractive in their characteristics, it is recommended to carry out abundant monthly watering, focusing on the weather and climatic conditions. This will also help prevent the berries from shedding ahead of time, which means that the gardener will be able to collect the maximum harvest and realize it in accordance with his interests and needs.If precipitation is not expected, then watering should be prescribed a little more often, the soil should not dry out, but it should not become waterlogged either. Otherwise, in the event of drought and waterlogging, the root system will suffer, which means that the entire planting will be in danger of death.

Sweet cherry does not have a very high level of frost resistance, although if the tree grows in favorable conditions for itself, then in this case it will be possible to achieve excellent results, and the planting will not freeze in extreme conditions. Moreover, usually frost resistance decreases not entirely in the entire tree, but in flower buds, which are directly responsible for the future formation of the crop and its abundance. If the winter time turned out to be frosty, and if return frosts came in the spring, then this can just lead to the fact that the flower buds freeze and, therefore, the harvest will be lost (or all of it, or some significant part of it).

Features of fruiting, storage of crops

This variety is practically sterile, and without a pollinating plant, the cherry will not be able to bear fruit, or some fruits will be tied, but the harvest will be completely meager and completely not abundant. Pollinators for cherries can be varieties such as Rechitsa or Poetry, which have identical flowering times, which means that pollination will occur at the most suitable moment. The flowering of the variety begins in mid-May, and in the second half of July, the gardener will be able to enjoy the first harvest of juicy and very tasty fruits. But it should be borne in mind that ripening is non-simultaneous and uneven, which means that the harvest will have to be harvested not in one, but in several approaches at once within ten days.

Fruiting begins around the fourth year after the planting has been sent outdoors. At first, the harvest cannot be called abundant - on average, a gardener collects about ten kilograms of fruits from one tree, no more, but over the years, the yield increases, just as the taste of the fruit increases. As a result, when the tree reaches the peak of its growth and development, then more than twenty kilograms of cherries can be harvested from it. Of course, in many ways, fruiting, its level and quality will mainly depend on how much effort and time the gardener has spent on complying with agrotechnical requirements and caring nuances. But we'll talk about this a little later in this article.

Cherry Raisin belongs to the table variety, and also the fruits have a universal purpose, as a rule, after removing the berries, they are excellent for fresh consumption, since they have excellent taste characteristics, and the pulp contains a large amount of various vitamins and trace elements, which can be excellent affect the general condition and health of the person who will eat them.

If the gardener has decided to carry out a longer storage of fruits, then it is recommended to send them to freeze, and also use them for making drinks, jams, juices and wine, jams and sauces, marmalade and sweets. In each dish, cherries will perfectly reveal their taste characteristics and, most importantly, they go well with other berries and fruits, emphasizing the taste with their uniqueness. Also, cherries can be used for the preparation of liqueurs and tinctures, which have a positive effect on human health, immunity and metabolism. So cherries are really worthy of attention from gardeners precisely due to their many positive features and traits.

Sweet cherry is quite resistant to moniliosis and coccomycosis - perhaps the most dangerous fungal diseases that can affect cherry and sweet cherry crops. But still, the gardener must provide additional support to the plantings so that they do not definitely get infected with dangerous infections.The same can be said about pests that periodically attack plantings - if the gardener monitors them and provides the necessary support, then the result can be an excellent planting that will grow well even in not the most favorable conditions. In general, it is possible to carry out various preventive treatments of the plantings to make it easier to regulate their general condition and to ensure that the pests do not even begin to spread over the plantings.

Cherry Izyumnaya: advantages and disadvantages

The variety has both its advantages and some disadvantages, which are worth mentioning. For example, if we talk about the advantages of the variety, then this is mainly an excellent level of yield (it becomes more and more abundant every year, and the quality of the fruits also improves); annual fruiting, which does not depend on external manifestations and factors; the early maturity of the variety, so that already in the middle of summer the gardener can enjoy wonderful and tasty cherry fruits from his own personal plot; delicious and very juicy fruits that have a universal purpose. In general, sweet cherries can be consumed fresh immediately after harvest, or they can be used in the form of preserves and jams, drinks, sauces, wine, juices and compotes, preparations for the winter.

But there are also disadvantages, which are also worth mentioning - first of all, it is the self-infertility of the variety. This means that before planting a tree, you should also take care of the selection of pollinating varieties that will have the same flowering time. Then the yield will be even better and more abundant. Of course, experience shows that some part of the fruit can be set without pollinators, but it will make up no more than 20 percent of the total harvest. So, nevertheless, for the sake of the future harvest, you should take care of organizing and caring for pollinators.

Cherry Izyumnaya needs the gardener to comply with all the terms and rules of planting. So there are several basic conditions that must be considered if the gardener is guided not only by getting a beautiful flowering plant, but also at the same time getting an excellent tree with a very plentiful and regular harvest. Next, we will just tell you in more detail about the timing of experienced gardeners recommend planting a plant, how to select seedlings, plant them in open ground and give cherries future care. It should be borne in mind that the variety as a whole has the same requirements in agricultural technology as many other plantings, but one way or another it has its own nuances. They must be taken into account first of all. Indeed, according to them, the gardener will be able to determine whether he wants, in principle, to engage in the cultivation of this variety, whether he has enough time to take care of, and whether he will be able to harvest, process a large number of berries. Also, the cultivation of this variety involves caring for pollinating varieties, so you should always keep this aspect in mind and build on your own skills. There are some gardeners who, as such, have no experience in growing cherries, but at the same time they want to learn something new and interesting in order to get excellent results and new knowledge.

How cherry raisin should be planted, care, features

Of course, there are some subtleties in planting a cherry tree and in the subsequent care of them. This is very important, because if the gardener observes all the rules, he will be able to get the most out of the cherries. Experienced gardeners say that for planting seedlings, it is recommended to select more even and elevated areas where enough sunlight will fall. In no case should you plant cherries in low areas, as rather cold fogs can fall there, and groundwater can come too close to the root system.Due to groundwater, the root system can freeze under constant moisture. As a result, putrefactive processes and fungal formations begin, which lead to the fact that the plantings become weaker, and as a result, they generally die. It is best to plant cherries in the southern or eastern parts of the garden plot, which will be perfectly illuminated by the sun, but protected from sudden gusts of wind and drafts.

There are also certain restrictions on which crops can be planted near cherries, and which should not be planted next to a tree, since such a neighborhood can cause great harm to it. For example, it should not be planted next to cherry pears and apple trees, since these crops are able to very actively draw out all useful trace elements and substances from the soil, and cherries will simply have nowhere to receive nourishment for development and growth. Also, it is not recommended to plant conifers next to cherry lindens and birches, as they are quite aggressive with respect to the soil mixture.

Sweet cherry Raisin is generally considered one of the most fastidious crops in this respect - it does not tolerate nightshade and tobacco crops, blackberries, raspberries and gooseberries nearby, since they can have common pests, and the requirements for the soil are always high. As a result, crops begin to simply wear out the soil, and for this reason it will require regular renewal. And given that the above plants do not respond very well to transplantation, as a result, you will have to constantly update the soil in order to prevent the death of the plantings. But if we talk about what kind of neighborhood is suitable for cherries, then we can say that these are cherries and plums, as well as honeysuckle. They wonderfully coexist with cherries, they can even take an active part in pollination, due to which more fruits will be formed and, accordingly, the volume of the harvest will increase.

It is best to choose seedlings that have reached the age of two. The length of the root system should be at least 20-25 centimeters, since this length is already suitable for planting in open ground, and at the same time the plant will feel as comfortable as possible. In general, the roots should be healthy, they should not have visible mechanical or putrefactive damage, and the height of the seedlings should be about one meter, no less. In principle, you should always focus on the external characteristics of the planting material and on how the planting feels, so that the cherry will successfully take root in the future, adapt and show its full maximum growth and development. If the gardener notices any deformation or damage, then it is best for him to abandon the idea of ​​planting this planting in his area, and opt for a healthier and stronger seedling. Before planting a seedling in open ground, it is recommended to keep it in a solution for several hours, which consists of water and a growth stimulator - Kornevin. Then the root system will be saturated with water and it will be easier to germinate after it is in the open field.

Planting guide

There is a certain algorithm for planting seedlings in open ground, following which even less experienced gardeners will be able to cope with this procedure and get excellent results. Planting should start with the fact that the gardener prepares in advance a suitable site for planting seedlings. The soil is also preliminarily prepared - it should be fertile, saturated with mineral and organic substances, it should not be too acidic and heavy. In order to lower the acidity, the gardener can add either ash or lime to the soil. You can also use dolomite flour for the same purposes, which also normalizes the acidity of the soil and slightly saturates it with the necessary components to make it easier for the seedling to adapt to new conditions.The soil is fed with superphosphate, humus and sulfuric potassium. You can also add a small amount of wood ash, which also has an excellent effect on the general condition of the soil and on future planting material. In general, at the initial stage, you should be very careful about fertilizing, since after that, for two years it will be possible not to add them to the soil at all.

The pit must be prepared in advance - its size is 70x70 centimeters. The depth should also be at least half a meter, but in general, the size of the pit should be guided by the size of the planting materials, because the seedling needs to feel comfortable in the pit, there should not be a small or very cramped space. In the very center of the pit, it is worth filling a little fertile soil, into which sulfur potassium and superphosphate are added in advance, which have an excellent effect on the immunity of the planting material and allow it to take root as soon as possible. A small mound is formed on which the seedling itself is located.

It is recommended that not one, but two gardeners take part in planting, so that one holds the seedling from above, while the second will straighten the root system and gradually pour soil onto it so that no air pockets form. The roots should be carefully and neatly straightened, they should not intertwine with each other, because this can negatively affect the general state of the planting, its health, longevity, increased growth and development. the pit is filled with water (it must be settled beforehand, at room temperature). In no case should you use running cold water, as it can cause a shock reaction from the seedling.

The root collar is gradually closed, leaving it at the level of the soil, slightly open. The soil should be slightly compacted, as air pockets should not be allowed to form - pathogenic bacteria can begin to develop in them. Around the seedling, it is worth pouring a mulching layer, which consists of peat or dry grass. Mulch performs several main functions: thanks to it, the trunk circle will be protected from attacks from pests, moisture will evaporate more slowly, and all the necessary heat will leave the soil even more slowly. So it's not worth saving your time on filling mulch. Thanks to it, weeds or third-party grasses will also not grow, which means that the trunk space will be clean and tidy.

If this is not a single, but a group planting of cherry trees, then the distance between them should be at least three meters, and about four meters should be left between the rows. Then the cherries will not interfere with each other to grow and develop correctly, they will not shade each other, and it will be much easier for the gardener himself to take care of the plantings, since he will have a place to take care of and to harvest. In order to get the maximum yield from a cherry tree, pollinators should be planted nearby. Pollination will occur due to gusts of wind and pollinating insects. In this case, the gardener will have more responsibilities for caring for the plantings, but the harvest will not be long in coming. Pollinator caring is usually an identical agricultural procedure, so that the gardener as a whole may not worry too much and combine caring activities.

Of course, after planting, it is worth observing the follow-up care, because the well-being of the planting, its normal development and indicators of growth, fruiting and vital activity in general, will largely depend on it. Cherries need a gardener to provide them with enough moisture. Especially during flowering. Also, agricultural technology includes fertilizing, pruning the crown, digging the soil.Cherry can itself let the gardener understand that it needs additional watering and caring activities - for example, the soil around will actively dry out and crack, which just indicates that watering should be carried out in the very near future.