How to process gooseberries.
Content:
Gooseberry is a shrub from the gooseberry family. Many gardeners, summer residents and villagers grow a gooseberry fruit and berry bush, the berries of which contain a large amount of trace elements and have a very pleasant and delicate sour-sweet taste and aroma. In order for the plant to actively grow and develop, all agrotechnical rules must be observed. An important role is played by the processing of gooseberries.
The importance of processing.
Currently, there are many varieties of this culture, but in order to prevent the death of the future harvest, we must know exactly how and with what to process gooseberries in spring.
The order of processing is established in accordance with agrotechnical requirements, as well as the choice of means of combating diseases and pests that threaten the future harvest.
The main threats.
The most dangerous enemies of the plant are:
1) spores of American powdery mildew;
2) anthracnose;
3) septoria and so on.
In the spring, after the snow melts, they go out hunting for gooseberries, ready to devour the immature leaves and ovary hidden in the buds: 1) ticks;
2) cobwebs;
3) coppersmiths and other pests that overwintered under leaves, in the bark and in the upper layer of the soil.
They are a real threat to gooseberries.
Gooseberry processing with copper sulfate.
copper sulfate before the start of the growing season will greatly benefit the future harvest.
Solution for processing gooseberries: four hundred grams of copper sulfate, dissolved in ten liters of water at room temperature. With the resulting beautiful blue solution, it is necessary to completely process the branches of the bush, we can say to redeem. If, after drying, the branches of the plant acquire a light blue tint, then we did everything right.
Processing gooseberries with Bordeaux liquid.
It is also possible to treat with a Bordeaux mixture, which contains lime, which creates an aggressive environment for pests and spores of fungi, in which their development and existence is impossible. The drug should be diluted strictly according to the instructions without relying on the eye, so as not to destroy the plant by overdose.
About the disease - powdery mildew.
Long-term observations of the plant revealed that the treatment from powdery mildew is a necessity.
Symptoms
- A light white bloom appears on the bushes, later shoots and young leaves are affected.
- Progressing, the fungus migrates to the ovary, turning into a viscous sticky substance. If the process is not stopped, the plaque darkens, blackening and drying of leaves and berries, the bark cracks, the bush stops growing and leaves shedding.
Why does the disease develop?
Powdery mildew develops for the following reasons:
- Excess moisture.
- A sharp drop in temperature at night.
- Excessive saturation of the soil with nitrogen fertilizers.
- Neighborhood with currant bushes infected with fungus.
- The thickening of the bushes.
What to do with a culture disease.
It is more expedient to cut off and burn the affected areas of the plant, since fungal spores are easily transferred by wind and rain to healthy plants. Old shrubs are the most susceptible to disease.
Treatment of gooseberries in the spring from powdery mildew.
Spheroteka spores cause powdery mildew. Reproduction takes place twice in spring and summer.
The most effective way to kill spores is to process gooseberries three times - in the spring before the flowers appear, after flowering and in the fall before the leaves fall. With the chosen agent, it is necessary to completely fill the branches, washing away the spores of the fungus that have settled on them.
Boiling gooseberries.
The most common way to kill fungi and pests is to water the plant with boiling water. It's still cool, but we carefully inspect and prune the affected branches by removing them from the site or burning them. Processing must be done in a short time. Monitor the vegetation of the plant and as soon as the snow melts, immediately start processing.
How to conduct.
On average, a bush takes eight to ten liters of water. Boil the water and pour it into a garden watering can. Until it has cooled down by sprinkling, carefully water the bushes or standard trees.
Until the ground warms up, the water flowing down to the roots will not harm them, destroying, at the same time, the spores of fungi and insects wintering in the upper layer of the soil.It is important: every branch, without exception, should get under a hot shower.
Treatment of gooseberries from pests and their types.
With the arrival of spring and the warm rays of the sun, hordes of insects hungry after hibernation crawl out of their shelters to feast on the tender leaves and young shoots of our gooseberries. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully examine the bushes to find the worst enemies of our future harvest.
Unfortunately, treatment with boiling water, copper sulfate in early spring does not always bring complete disposal of pests, and experienced gardeners must use various drugs and folk remedies in the battle for the harvest.
First recipe.
Spraying: dilute five tablespoons of ammonium nitrate in ten liters of clean water. Treat the plant after flowering.
Second recipe.
every ten to fifteen days with a solution of:
1) ten grams - baking soda;
2) one tablet - aspirin;
3) one teaspoon of liquid soap;
4) five liters - clean water at room temperature.
Mix everything thoroughly.
Third recipe.
Treatment before and after flowering with a biological product Gaupsin (trichodermin). One hundred and fifty grams of the product, you need to dilute in ten liters of water at room temperature.
Fourth recipe.
Treatment with a solution of: two tablespoons of baking soda dissolved in hot water for ten liters. It is necessary to carry out processing at least twice before and after the flowering of the culture.
Fifth recipe.
Processing three times with an interval of three days. Using a solution from:
1) one tablespoon - kefir;
2) one tablespoon - sour milk or milk whey;
3) nine liters - clean water at room temperature.
Mix everything thoroughly.
Why gooseberry processing is needed.
The main task of processing plants, regardless of the drug, is the destruction of pests and the preservation of the crop.
Types of pests and how to deal with them.
The pest insect is a sawfly.
The caterpillar of this pest can eat the leaf right to the veins. An adult specimen of the larva, up to ten millimeters in length, hibernates in a dense cocoon woven from a web. They choose a place for wintering in the soil near the bush, at a depth of up to one hundred and fifty millimeters. With the arrival of the spring period, pupation occurs, that is, at the time when the foliage begins to bloom, the larvae transform into butterflies, and immediately lay eggs on the lower part of the leaf, along the veins. One insect can lay up to one hundred and forty eggs. And after ten to eleven days, new larvae will appear.Their bodies are green and their heads are brown. In one summer period, an insect can breed two to three generations.
How to deal with it.
You need to start before the gooseberry growing season.
The first way.
A solution of: 1) thirty grams - lepiticide; 2) ten liters - clean water, room temperature. Mix everything thoroughly.
Second way.
A solution of: 1) one hundred grams - bitoxibacillin; 2) ten liters - clean water, room temperature. Mix everything thoroughly.
Third way.
Tincture on tobacco. You need to take two hundred grams of tobacco powder. Pour raw materials with one liter of water, put on fire. The mixture needs to boil for about thirty minutes. After that, cover with a lid, the solution should be infused. This will take approximately five days. Before the spraying procedure, you need to strain the solution and add one third of a piece of laundry or baby soap there.
Fourth way.
How to cook:
1) You need to take a suitable container made of wood, for example: a barrel;
2) Prepare old, unnecessary, nylon tights. Place four hundred grams of wormwood in them;
3) Put a nylon bag with grass in a barrel, pour the whole thing with warm, clean water;
4) Find a warm, sunny place, put a container there. For about ten to fourteen days, the solution will ferment;
5) After two weeks, the infusion will be ready to use.
A solution from such an infusion can be used for spraying bushes. One liter of the tincture must be mixed with nine liters of clean water. And you can start spraying.
And if, for example, you let the mixture infuse not for ten or fourteen days, but for only three days, then the tool can be used without even diluting it. The concentration will not be harmful to plants. But when used there, it will be less effective and will dry out faster. He also copes well with insect pests in the form of aphids and caterpillars, because they are the main carriers of fungal infections and spores.
Insect pest - kidney moth.
It develops in early spring. Affected shoots are cut and burned. If the butterflies have flown out, treat with a 1% solution of Aktara.
The pest insect is the gooseberry moth.
the gluttonous caterpillar is destroyed by spraying in early spring with Karbofos or tobacco infusion. Processing before flowering.
The pest insect is a moth.
Destroys berries. The only reliable remedy is boiling water treatment in early spring. This insect is very dangerous for gooseberries. Those fruits that he hits begin to ripen quickly, and then dry out, and you can also see cobwebs on them. Fire butterflies, in their wingspan, can be up to thirty millimeters long. From the foreground, the wings are darkish with stripes across, as well as with brown spots. On the back, the wings are lighter.
Caterpillars of this insect can grow up to twenty millimeters. And the bodies are colored green, and the head is black. They spend the winter time in spider cocoons, practically on the surface of the ground near the bush. With the arrival of the spring period, the pupation of the butterfly occurs, and immediately the laying of eggs in the inflorescences of the bush. After a while, the larvae appear, they begin to crawl into the ovary and eat them. Only one such insect can spoil up to six gooseberry berries by braiding the berries into a thin web. With the arrival of the autumn period, they go to the ground for wintering.
How to fight.
The methods are not very complicated.
First tip.
It is very important to remove and burn spider nests from the culture in a timely manner.
Second tip.
After the gooseberry stops blooming, you need to spray with the help of drugs such as:
1) an earbud;
2) karbofos;
3) etaphos;
4) actellic.
In fact, by the same means that they carry out prevention against mosaic.
Third tip.
If last year there was an epidemic of a pest invasion, then this year it is necessary to spray before the flowering period.
Fourth tip.
Such spraying can be carried out together with measures to combat anthracnose and other pathologies.
Conclusion.
Often, gooseberry bushes coexist with currants and, having common enemies, it will not be superfluous to process currants at the same time.
With proper care and timely processing of plants in the summer, we will feast on fresh large healthy berries and harvest jams, compotes, and preserves for the winter.